摘要
随着工业化的不断深化,技术创新的关键性作用日益突出。由于中国是一个发展中国家,产业转移是推动我国产业发展的强大动力。所以迄今为止,我国大多数产业的技术来源主要都是西方国家的产业技术扩散。但是,中国不能长期处于低端产业、低附加值的国际分工地位。要形成持续的竞争力和保持持续增长的空间,就必须在技术创新上有新的作为,即把产业发展的基点放在技术创新,特别是发展具有自主知识产权以至拥有核心技术的基础之上。丰富的劳动力资源是我国产业发展的一大优势,但对技术进步而言则是一个影响比较复杂的因素。中国产业技术的选择不能不反映劳动力丰富这一重要的资源禀赋条件,又不能使巨大的劳动力就业压力成为抑制中国产业技术进步的消极因素,影响中国产业顺应世界产业技术发展的基本线路,实现向高层次、高技术价值链的推进和升级。这是中国产业技术创新过程中的一个具有重大战略意义的问题。在传统计划经济体制下,推动我国产业技术进步的主体是政府。改革开放以来,企业在技术创新和技术进步过程中的作用逐步增强。这不仅表现为自20世纪90年代中期以来,我国的R&D支出持续增长,而且表现为企业逐步成为技术创新的主体。中国工业以至中国经济未来的发展前途将越来越依赖于技术创新。
The key function of technological innovation is rising day by day along with unceasing deepness of industrialization. As China is a developing country, industrial transformation is a strong driving force for promoting the development of China's industry. So far the technological sources of most China's industries mainly came from the spread of technologies of west countries. However China can not be in the low level industry, low value-added position in international division for a long period. If China intends to be continuous competitiveness and sustainable growth, it is obvious that China must make a new progress in technological innovation, that is fundamental task of industrial development has to put on technology innovation, especially on self property-right and core-technology. Rich labor source is one of advantages in China's industrial development, but it is difficult to say so in terms of technological progress. The choice of China's industrial technology is definitely to react upon rich labor resource, but unemployment can not to be a negative factor for technology progress of China's industry, to produce an impact on China's industry to comply with technology development of world industry, to promote and upgrade value chain of high technology. This is a most importantly strategic problem for China's industry during the process of technological innovation. Under the system of traditional planning economy, the government is a main body for promoting China's technology progress. The role of enterprises in technological innovation and progress has been gradually increasing since reform and opening. This is not only displayed in the increase of China's expenditure of R&D since 1990's, but also showed enterprises gradually to become a main body for technological innovation. The future of China's industry and even China's economy will increasingly rely on technological innovation, promoting industrial progress and industrial upgrade based on technology innovation will become a fundamental subject for the development of China's industry in the new century.
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第5期5-14,共10页
China Industrial Economics
关键词
工业技术创新
技术来源
技术选择
创新主体
industrial technological innovation
technology source
technology choice
main body of innovation
