摘要
白虫小茧蜂Bracon greeni Ashmead是紫胶白虫的重要天敌。本文首次报道用人工培养基成功地使白虫小茧蜂从卵离体培养至成虫。所用培养基的成分为昆虫血淋巴、鸡蛋黄和牛奶液。每100ml培养基含庆大霉素4—6万单位。培养基用帕拉玢膜(parafilm)加工成“模拟寄主”。幼虫存活率、化蛹率和成虫羽化率分别为85—91％、70—71％和67—69％。卵期20—22小时,幼虫期历时3—4天,预蛹和蛹期历时7—8天,一个发育周期需11—13天。成虫体长雌3.2—4.5mm,雄2.5—4.0mm,雌雄比约1:3。和用天然寄主白虫来繁殖的白虫小茧蜂相比,发育速度大体上相当,体型稍大,雌性比低。成虫能交配产卵,并在大蜡螟幼虫和模拟寄主上繁育出雌雄后代。但成本有待降低,所用离体培养技术也有待改进。
The larval ectoparasitoid Bracon greeni Ashmead is an effective biological agent for controlling the major insect pest Eublemnia amabilis Moore of the lac insect Laccifer lacca Kerr. It has been reared in vitro from egg to adult on artificial diets composed of pupal haemolymph of Antheraea perhyi Guerin-Meneville, chicken egg yolk and cow milk suspension (1g milk powder in 10ml water), added with gentamycin sulfate (400-600 i.u. per ml of diet). The diets were encapsulated inside parafilm stretch wrappers to form the 'artificial hosts'. The urvival rate of larvae was 85-91%, pupation rate 70-71%, and adult emergence rate 67-69%. The egg stage lasted 20-22 hours; duration of larval development was 3-4 days and the prepupa and papa developed for 7-8 days. The total preimaginali development required 11-13 days at 26±2℃. The body lengths of the reared adults measured 3.2-4.5 mm ia female and 2.5-4.0 mm in male. The sex ratio was about 1:3 ((?)). It was found that the ec-toparasitpids reared in vitro developed with similar rate as those on the larvae of its natural host, and they had bigger body size but inferior female ratio. The mated females produced viable offsprings of both sexes on the greater wax moth larvae as well as on the artificial hosts. The present Work indicates that B. greeni can be mass produced in vitro after some improvements in the rearing technique.
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第4期433-437,共5页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
白虫小茧蜂
离体培养
紫胶白虫
Bracon greeni Ashmead--Eublemma amabilis ,Mopre--in vitro col-ture--artificial diet--artificial host
