摘要
目的 了解珠海市 15岁以上居民的吸烟情况及影响吸烟行为的相关因素。方法 采用二阶段随机抽样调查、描述性分析、χ2 检验和非条件Logistic回归分析。结果 男、女性合计的总吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率和重型吸烟率分别为 33 8%、 30 5%、 2 7 6 %和 8 2 %。男女间差异有显著性。 94 1%的男性吸烟者在12～ 2 6岁开始吸烟 ,85 2 %的女性开始吸烟年龄在 12～ 2 5岁。开始吸烟的主要原因是尝试、环境影响和社交需要。主要吸国产过滤嘴香烟 ,其次是烟斗或水烟。 31 6 %的吸烟者经常在工作和公共场所吸烟。现在吸烟者中 ,4 9 7%的人认为吸烟无害或只是轻度有害 ,4 5 4 %的人认为被动吸烟对健康无害或轻度有害 ,而 55 7%的人认为“吸烟可以消除疲劳、提高工作效率”。性别、对吸烟危害的认识程度、公共场所是否禁止吸烟、好朋友吸烟是吸烟行为的主要影响因素。结论 吸烟对珠海市居民健康的危害是较为严重的 ,开展吸烟有害的健康教育、通过立法禁止在公共场所吸烟和禁止烟草广告。
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevale nce and influencing factors of smoking among residents aged 15 and over in Zhuha i City, Guangdong Province MethodsIn-door investigation wa s conducted among 5354 residents aged 15 and over, one respondent for a household, from 4 neighborhood committees and 4 administrat ive villages in Zhuhai selected by two-stage random sampling Results The general, current, regular, and heavy smoking rates of t he residents aged 15 and over in Zhuhai were 33 8%, 30 5%, 27 6%, and 8 2% respe ctively The current smoking rate wa s the highest in the group of age of 65 and over (41 8%), the age group 45～54 came s ec ond (40 6%), followed by the age group 55～64 (40 2%) The different smoking rate s of the male were significantly higher than those of the female (all P<0 01) T he median age of smoking the first cigarette was 18 years for both sexes 7 5% o f the male smokers and 9 1% of the female smokers began to smoke their first ci g arettes The main reasons for initiating smoking included curiosity (47 3%), e nv ironmental influences (40 9%), and social intercourse (36 1%) Th e current smoking rate was 50 9% in drivers, 45 2% in farmers and fishers, 34 3% in office workers, 9 6% in college students, 7 0% in middle school students, an d 1 7% in housewives The median amount of smoking was 10 cigarettes Most of th em smoked domestically made cigarette with filter tip (70 7%), and pipe and wat e r (8 3%) 42 4% of the smokers often smoked in public places and 33 3% of th em s moked everywhere 46 9% of the current smokers considered smoking harmful and 49 7% of them considered passive smoking harmful, and 55 7% of them believed tha t smoking helps dissipate fatigue and improve work efficiency The main influenci n g factors included sex, knowledge of harm of smoking, whether smoking is prohibi ted in public places, and smoking behavior of good friends Conclusion The general, current, and regular smoking rates are relatively lower i n Zhuhai in comparison with in the whole country However, tobacco control is t o be further strengthened
出处
《中国健康教育》
2003年第12期918-920,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
广东省珠海市卫生局科研项目资助
