摘要
目的 调查城市社区居民控烟能力现况。方法 根据多阶段随机抽样的方法 ,在两个抽中社区里选中 1 2个居委会 ,根据人口 2 %的样本量随机抽取 2 0岁以上居民进行控烟状况调查。以问卷的方式共调查居民3 878人。结果 通过这次基线调查 ,显示我市城市社区居民吸烟人群戒烟失败的主要原因是缺乏意志力( 45 9% )和来自周围吸烟环境者的影响 ( 2 4 4% ) ;控烟的行为较低 ,其中现在主动寻求戒烟服务率、尝试戒烟率、劝阻朋友或家人吸烟率等分别为 2 1 6%、 2 0 3 %、 3 8 6%。居民对吸烟影响健康的知识了解不全面 ,吸烟对健康有害、被动吸烟对健康有害的回答正确率均在 90 %左右 ,但同时认为吸烟者比不吸烟者更易得肺癌、气管炎、冠心病的相关知识回答正确率不到 3 0 %。结论 主动寻求戒烟服务率、尝试戒烟率、劝阻朋友或家人吸烟率仍很低。居民对吸烟危害健康的知识了解不全面 。
Objective To investigate the current status of smoking control ability in urban communities.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 3878 residents aged 20～60, 1966 males and 1911 females, most of middle or higher educational levels, more than 40% being workers of state-owned enterprises and 18.7% being retirees, from 2 urban communities in 12 neighborhood committees by random sampling based on the sample size of 2% of the general population.Results The smoking rate in the Beijing urban residents was 31.7%, 57.4% among the males and 5.3% among the females. The main factors influencing the failure of quitting smoking were weak volition (45.9%) and influence of the smokers around (24.4%). The rate of actively seeking service for quitting smoking was 21.6%, the rate of attempting to quit was 20.3%, and the rate of persuading friends and family members to quit was 38.6%. The correct answer rates to the questions about the harm of smoking to health and harm of passive smoking to health were both about 90%, however, the correct answer rates to the questions about the greater liability to getting lung cancer, bronchitis, and coronary heart diseases were all less than 30% among the smokers. Conclusion The rates of actively seeking service for quitting smoking, of attempting to quit, and of persuading friends and family members to quit were still low. Many smokers lack knowledge about the harm of smoking. Comprehensive smoking control service is to be strengthened.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2004年第12期1085-1087,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
关键词
吸烟
控烟能力
居民
Smoking
Smoking Control Ability
Urban Residents
