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肺炎支原体感染 被引量:2

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摘要 肺炎支原体是儿童和成人社区获得性呼吸道感染的常见病因。尽管其被认为是成人社区获得性肺炎最常见的非典型病原体,但因人群和诊断方法不同,不同研究之间肺炎支原体感染的发病率差异很大。近期研究显示,成人肺炎中,支原体肺炎发病率从1.9%到30%不等。肺炎支原体也是导致社团呼吸道感染爆发流行的常见原因,肺炎支原体感染的诊断受其缺乏标准、快速、特异性诊断手段的影响。联邦训练局对一次肺炎支原体感染爆发流行的调查结果是上述问题的很好例子。确诊需聚合酶链反应(PcR)和血清学二者均阳性;许多肺炎支原体感染早期并不出现IgM抗体。在本次文献复习期间,又有几篇评价各种血清学方法和PcR检测的论文发表。对这些检验方法的评价受到缺乏标准比较方法的妨碍。在体外,肺炎支原体对大环内酯类、四环素类和喹诺酮类抗微生物药均敏感;但有关这些药物的抗微生物疗效的数据很少。同期发表了几项肺炎治疗的研究文章,根据血清学阳性结果作出肺炎支原体感染的诊断并应用上述药物,每项研究采用的方法和判断标准不同,因此无法评价上述各种药物的抗微生物学疗效。美国感染病学会在最近修订的成人社区获得性肺炎治疗的实践指南中表示,因缺乏快速可靠的诊断试验,肺炎支原体感染多为经验性治疗。
出处 《世界医学杂志》 2003年第3期22-26,共5页 International Journal of Medicine
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同被引文献23

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