1Levy S, Breithardt G, Campbell RWF, et al. On behalf of the Working Group on Arrhythmial of the European Society of Cardiology. Afrial fibrillation; current knowledge and recommendations for management. Eur Heart J, 1998,19 : 1294.
2Parstowsky EN, Benson JD, Woodrow MD, et al. Management of patients with atrial fibrillation : a statement for heahhcare professionals from the subcommittee on electrocardiography and electrophysiology, American Heart Association. Circulation, 1996,93 : 1262.
3Kannel WB, Abbott RD, Savage DD, et al. Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation:the Framingham study. N Engl J Med, 1982, 306:1018.
4Brand FN, Abbott RD, Kannel WB, et al, Characteristics and prognosis of lone atrial fibrillation :30 - year follow - up in the Framingham Study. JAMA, 1985,254 : 3449.
5Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. A major contributor to stroke in the elderly, Arch Int Med, 1987,147 : 1561.
6Wolf PA,Abbott RD,Kannel WB, Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke:The Framingham Study. Stroke, 1991,22:983.
7Manoli TA, Furberg CD, Rautaharju PM,et al. Cardiac arrhythmias on 24 - hour ambulatory electrocardiography in older women and men:the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Coil Cardiol, 1994,23:916.
8Kopeeky SL. Gersh BJ, Mcgoon MD,et al. The natural history of lome atrial fibrillation. A population - based study over three decades. N Engl J Med, 1987,317:669.
9Till J ,Wren C. Atrial flutter in the fetus and young infant:an association with accessory, connections. Br Heart J, 1992,67:80.
10Clementy J, Safar M, Vraneea F. Cardiac arrhythmias in hypertension. Prospective study including 251 patients(Abstr). Eur Heart J, 1989,10:201.
6Chugh S S, Blackshear J L, Shen W K, et al. Epidemiology and natural history of atrial fibrillation: clinical implications[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2001,37(2) :371-378.
7Fuster V, Ryden L E, Cannom D S, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) : developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society[J]. Circulation, 2006,114 (6): e257-354.
8Pan W, Pintar T, Anton J, et al. Statins are associated with a reduced incidence of perioperative mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery[J]. Circulation, 2004,110(11 Suppl 1): Ⅱ45-49.
9Wheeldon N. Coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation. Studies have not shown a causal relation[J]. BMJ, 1996,312 (7031):641-642.
10Cameron A, Schwartz M J, Kronmal R A, et al. Prevalence and significance of atrial fibrillation in coronary artery disease (CASS Registry)[J]. Am J Cardiol,1988 , 61(10) : 714-717.