摘要
美国的国家认同建立在新英格兰的历史经验、共同的革命经历以及对普世自由主义价值观和理想的信奉基础之上。这种独特的国家认同模式使美国人相信美国具有一种独特的国家身份———“自由的捍卫者” ,注定要在世界上发挥独一无二的作用 ,并因此对美国外交政策产生两方面的影响 :其一是把捍卫和实现普世自由作为重要的国家目标 ,为美国外交注入了强烈的道义色彩 ,在一些特定的历史时期有助于捍卫国际正义和传播自由、平等的人类理想 ;其二是乐于在对外关系中不断寻找“他者” ,即所谓“自由的敌人”并加以消灭 ,导致美国外交中的干涉主义和滥用自身巨大的力量 ,给其他国家和国际事务带来灾难。
American national identity arose from the New England experience, a shared history of revolution and a common faith in the values and ideal of universal liberty. This was so unique as to lead Americans to believe that their country had a special identity as the guardian of liberty, and hence was destined to play a unique role in the world. Such national identity has had two fold effects on US foreign policy. On the one hand, Americans place protecting and promoting universal liberty among their national goals, bringing a moralistic coloration to foreign policy that has in certain periods done much for the cause of international justice and spreading human ideals of liberty and equality. On the other hand, the US is given to searching for “others,” “enemies of liberty,” and wiping them out. The result is interventionism in its foreign policy and abuse of its vast power. This is a source of disaster to other countries and the international community.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第4期124-136,共13页
Historical Research
