摘要
1970年 ,美国率先成为一个郊区化的国家 ,这与美国现代技术进步、经济发展、联邦政策以及美国的社会特征有着密切的关系。交通、通讯和能源技术的改进 ,为人口和产业向郊区的迁移提供了必要的前提 ;而经济结构的变化 ,比如企业规模、部门和地区结构的变化 ,使经济活动在郊区有更大的发展空间和效益 ;30年代大危机以来 ,联邦政府为了推动经济的发展和解决住宅问题 ,执行了一系列推动郊区化的政策 ,其中包括住宅抵押保险制度、住宅补贴制度和社区评估制度等 ;二战以来 ,黑人和少数民族在中心城的集中 ,加剧了美国城市种族矛盾 ,进一步推动了白人中产阶级的郊区化。
In the 1970s, American suburban population exceeded that of the central cities a nd rural areas respectively, thus the United States became the first and most su burban country. The dynamics that promoted this country to become suburban one m ainly include: the progress of technology, such as transportation, communication and energy, the change of American economy as the greatest impetus; American ho using policy which transformed the trickle of suburbanization into a series of massive waves; and the Great Migration and urbanization of blacks has intensifie d the conflicts between the black and the white, so the whites turned to suburbs to seek homogeneous communities.
出处
《世界历史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第1期8-15,共8页
World History
