摘要
湿地松粉蚧Oracellaacuta是一种新入侵森林害虫。在广东,每年有4～5代,以4代为主。种群增长指数越冬代最大,Iδ=5 16,第3代次之,Iδ=1 67,第1、2代较低,分别为0 98和0 74。每年5-7月自然种群密度最大,8月中下旬后,种群密度大幅度下降,9、10月密度最低,11、12月密度逐渐回升。温度、降雨和针叶营养成份N、K质量分数对自然种群密度变动有明显的影响。在22～28 5℃范围内,雌虫平均寿命、存活率、产卵率和中、高龄若虫的存活率都随温度增加而下降,呈显著负相关,r分别为-0 9590,-0 9920,-0 9660,-0 9970,-0 9980(P0 05=0 9500,P0 01=0 9900)。连续降雨24h雨量20mm以上,能大幅度降低中、低龄若虫的存活量,降雨前后中低龄若虫数量变化极显著(F值为8 92,P<0 01)。但对已固定的雌成虫和高龄若虫影响不明显。种群密度大小与针叶中N、K质量分数成正相关,与N质量分数的相关极显著,平均每梢雌虫密度为23～137头时,r=0 8630(P0 01=0 8343),平均每梢雌虫2～45头时,r=0 9620。受害松针中N、K质量分数和未受害松针中的N、K质量分数的差异也极为显著,t检验,N的t值为3 6978(P0 05=2 776),K的t值为3 2407。温度、降雨和针叶养分(N)的变化综合作用,对湿地松粉蚧雌虫平均寿命、存活率、产卵率和若虫的存活率有极明显影响,是造?
Loblolly pine mealybug (Oracella acuta) is an exotic insect pest in pine forest. There are 4～5 generations each year in Guangdong. The largest population growth index (I_δ=5.16) occurs in the overwintering generation, while the lowest (0.74) is in the 2nd generation (late July to late August). The highest population density occurs from early June to late July. After mid August population density declines sharply then increases slightly in November and December. The influence of temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and levels of plant nutrients on O.acuta population density is obvious. In the range of temperature from 22 ℃ to 28.5 ℃ there is a significant inverse correlation between temperature and the parameters of female longevity, female survival rate, oviposition rate and nymph survival rate (r=-0.959 0, -0.992 0, -0.966 0, -0.997 0, -0.998 0 respectively with P<0.05 for all). Rainfall at the rate of 20 mm over 2～4 hours significantly reduces the survival rates of young and mid age nymphs, but had no effect on late nymphs and adults, which are protected by wax secretions. N content in needle leaves is significantly correlated with population density. N and K contents in needles infested by O.acuta differ significantly from non-infested needles (for N, t=3.697 8~* P< 0.05 and for K, t=3.240 7~* P< 0.05).
出处
《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第6期64-68,82,共6页
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni
基金
广东省林业攻关资助项目(059B068)
关键词
湿地松粉蚧
自然种群动态
环境因子
森林害虫
Loblolly Pine mealybuy Oracella acuta
population dynamics
environment factors
