摘要
中国现代文学的发展与各种文学社团的文派制衡有密切关系。多元化的文派制衡造成了中国现代文学高起点运作的格局。当传统旧文学作为强势文化占据社会文化中心的时候,新文学必须结成具有现代内涵和反抗精神的文派对旧文学提出制衡的要求和自我发展的意向,于是,《新青年》社、少年中国学会和新潮社的组成又有了新的意义;当新文学对于传统旧文学和通俗文学取得了决定性的胜利并成功占据了时代文化中心的时候,新文化在时代潮流的推涌和世界洪流的裹挟中成为一种支配性的话语霸权,虽然根深蒂固但已经边缘化了的传统文化也必须形成或者借助一定的文派力量才能够发出反抗的声音,正是在这样的意义上,甲寅派、学衡派,甚至倡导整理国故备受新文化责难的努力社,以及从一个特别的方面客观上对新文化和新文学进行文派制衡的鸳鸯蝴蝶派,都具有了另一种价值。甲寅派对于激进的汉字拉丁化的遏制,学衡派提出将白话和文言都当作现代文化建设的价值成分,鸳鸯蝴蝶派在文学的市场化方面给予新文学可能的制衡价值,都应得到公正的估价。同时,新文学内部也会出现不同文派相互砥砺相互约束的局面,这样才能保证新文学的丰富与繁荣。而所有这些文派都不可能依靠个人的单枪匹马可以运作成功,必须借助于一定的文学社团和文人团体。
The development of modern Chinese literature is closely related to the different literary schools′ mutual condition. This plural mutual condition has resulted in a pattern of high- starting- point operation. When the old traditional literature, as a powerful mainstream culture, occupied the center of social culture, the new literature had to form schools with modern content and rebellious spirit to demonstrate its request for restricting and conditioning the old and its desire for itself- development. As a result, the formation of ' New Youths' Society, Juvenile China Society, and New Trends Society was of new significance. When new literature won a decisive victory over the old literature and the popular literature and occupied the cultural center of the times, the new culture possessed a dominant utterance hegemony, pushed by the current of the time and the tide of the world. The traditional culture, which had been deeply rooted but now marginalized, could only voice its revolt by forming and relying on certain literary schools. It is just in this sense that such schools were of certain value as Jiayin School, Xueheng (Academic Balance) School, and (Striving) Society, which was criticized extensively by the new culturists due to its promotion of ' sorting out our national heritage ' , and Yuanyanghudie (Mandarin Ducks- and Butterflies) School, which objectively exercised restraint and condition of a school- related nature towards the new culture in a special respect. Jiayinn School' s curbing of Chinese characters′ Latinization, Xueheng School′ s proposition of taking both the vernacular and classical Chinese as the elements of value in building a modern culture and the possible value given by Yuanyanghudie School in the marketization of literature should all be given a justified evaluation .At the same time, within the new literary circles there occurred a situation in which the various schools encouraged and restrained each other, and only in this way could the enrichment and prosperity of literature be secured. And all this could be operated successfully only by drawing support from certain literary organizations and groups of men of letters rather than by the single- handed efforts of individual people.
出处
《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
北大核心
2003年第6期5-12,共8页
Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences
关键词
中国新文学
文派制衡
社团
甲寅派
学衡派
鸳鸯蝴蝶派
China′ s new literature
literary schools′ restraint and condition of each other
society
Jiaayin School
Xueheng (Academic Balance ) School
Yuanyanghudie (Mandarin Ducks- and Butterflies) School
