摘要
在昆明市郊蔬菜基地 4间大棚 (5m× 10 0m·间 -1)栽培的生菜上 ,用球孢白僵菌 (Beauveriabassiana)和玫烟色拟青霉 (Paecilomycesfumosoroseus)的纯孢子乳悬剂 (有效含孢量 10 10 ·ml-1)及其与 1%和 3% (w/v)的吡虫啉 10 %WP的混配剂对温室粉虱 (Trialeurodesvaporariorum)进行了协同药效试验 ,吡虫啉添加量仅相当于推荐用量的 6 .4 %～ 9.5 %和 19.1%～ 2 8.6 % .试验含 6个菌剂处理、2个低用量吡虫啉处理和 1个清水对照 ,各有 3个小区 (7m× 5m·小区-1)重复 ,随机区组排列 .稀释 10 0 0倍的菌液 (含孢量 10 7·ml-1)和吡虫啉液于生菜移栽后第 11d首次喷雾 ,15d后喷第二次 ,首次用菌前调查初始粉虱密度 ,用菌后每隔 5d调查活虫数和死虫数 ,从 8月 2 0日起历时 30d .结果表明 ,连续 2次用菌有效地控制了粉虱对当季大棚生菜的危害 ,各菌剂处理的最终相对防效和虫口减退率均达到 95 %以上 ,极显著地高于低用量吡虫啉处理 .其中 ,玫烟色拟青霉制剂对粉虱的控制效果一般优于球孢白僵菌制剂 ,且与吡虫啉的添加量呈正相关 .但是 ,各菌剂处理间控虫效果的差异主要发生在首次用菌后第 5d和 10d ,此后差异逐渐缩小 ,至第二次用菌后第 10d各菌剂处理间无显著差异 .本试验结果表明 ,两种真菌的孢子乳悬剂均可用?
The interactive effects of pure emulsifiable formulations (10 10 conidia· ml -1 ) of Beauveria bassiana and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus conidia and 1% and 3% of imidacloprid 10% WP were tested for controlling greenhouse whitefly,Trialeurodes vaporariorum, on lettuce grown in four polyethylene film-covered greenhouses (5m×100 m) in Kunming, Yunnan. Six fungal treatments, two imidacloprid ones, and one water-spray control were included in the experiment,with each being replicated in three plots (7m×5 m·plot -1 ).For each of the treatments, 1000-fold aqueous dilution (10 7 conidia·ml -1 ) was sprayed twice at a 15-d interval,with the first spray given on day 11 after lettuce transplantation. Counts of live and dead whiteflies from each treatment were made on the initial day, and then, once every five days. During a 30-d period of observation from August 20, the two applications of the fungal formulations alone or those containing low rates of imidacloprid 10% WP effectively protected the lettuce from damage by T. vaporariorum,and generated relative efficacies.Whitefly density decreased >95%, which was significantly higher than that attributed to the low application rates of imidacloprid 10% WP. Based on the estimations of relative efficacy and percent density decrease,P.fumosoroseus treatments controlled the whiteflies better than B.bassiana ones,and the effects of both fungi on the pest population were apparently enhanced with the quantity of imidacloprid added.The differences among the fungal treatments in the two estimations were larger during the first 10 days,but decreased thereafter,becoming insignificant on day 10 after the second spray. The results indicated that the fungal formulations tested in this study are of great potential for practical use in whitefly control,and their efficacy could be enhanced with low rates of imidacloprid.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第11期1934-1938,共5页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(3 0 2 70 897)
浙江省科技计划(0 2 110 2 662 )
云南省教育厅资助项目 (0 2QY0 5 1)
关键词
球孢白僵菌
玫烟色拟青霉
温室粉虱
真菌杀虫剂
吡虫啉
微生物防治
Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Mycoinsecticides, Imidacloprid, Microbial control
