摘要
棉花主根长度、粗度及根重增长动态均随生育进程呈S型曲线变化规律。主根粗度及根重的垂直分布随土壤深度变化呈负指数曲线型变化趋势。棉株根系绝大部分(80.6％～95.4％)集中于0～30cm耕层内。根系伤流量随生育进程呈低一高一低变化,以盛蕾期最高;根系总吸收面积及活跃面积均随生育进程而增加。根系生长与地上部生长之间存在显著或极显著的线性回归相关关系,根系生长是一个地上部与地下部相互影响,相互促进的统一过程。地膜棉与露地棉相比较,表现主根长、入土深,主根粗度增加,根重增多,生理活性明显增强,根系横向分布广,根群分布浅。地膜棉根量的增长速度在生长前期比露地棉大,尤在7叶期前更为明显,生长后期则比露地棉小。这些特点是地膜棉植株健壮及高产的重要生物、生理基础。
Based on the data of the experiment in field plot, polyamide fibre mesh bag and plastic bag planting, the relationships between the growth and physiological activity of the root system and the growth and development of the above-ground parts of plastic film mulching(PFM) and non-mulching(NM) cotton were studied with the cube method. The results'are as follows: 1. The growth process of the length and diameter of taproot and the dry matter of root system makes a big s curve pattern. The diameter of taproot and the dry matter of root system decrease exponentially with the soil depth. Most (80. 6%～95.4%) of the roots of the cotton plant are distributed in the top layer of the soil (0～30cm). whereas only a smaller proportion of them could reach the deeper layers. The amount of sap flow shows the change of ' lowhigh-low' trend and it comes to the maximum value at the stage of full-square. The total and active absorbing area of roots increased with plant growth. There exist significant relationships of linear correlation and regression between the growth of root system and the growth and development of the above-ground parts of cotton plant. The growth of roots is a process in which the above-ground parts and the under-ground parts influenced and promoted each other. 2. The growth of root system of PFM cotton is different from that of NM cotton in amount. The PFM cotton plant has a marked advantage over the NM cotton plant in the length and diameter of taproot, the dry matter and physiological activity of root system taproot, the dry matter and physiological activity of root system from seedling to mature. The growth rate of root system of PFM cotton plant is notably faster than that of NM cotton plant before the seventh leaf. The distribution of root system of PFM cotton plant is wider than that of NM cotton plant along both sides of plant and it is shallower in soil. These characteristics are the biological and physiological basis of stronger plant and high yield of PFM cotton.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第1期49-56,共8页
Cotton Science
关键词
棉花
根系生长
根系分布
根系生理
cotton
root growth
root distribution
root physiology
above—ground parts
plastic film mulching
