摘要
对从我国各地采集所得的105份正常和50份霉变烟草样品,做了带菌量、菌相及霉变原因的研究.结果表明,从正常样品共分离鉴定出21属82种真菌:毛霉目9种,曲霉属21种,青霉属28种,木霉2种,酵母菌3种,其它真菌19种.正常烟叶、当日产成品香烟及市售成品香烟的带菌量分别为101～103CFU/g、101～103CFU/g和102～104CFU/g.从霉变样品共分离鉴定出25属87种真菌:毛霉目11种,曲霉属25种,青霉属29种,木霉2种,酵母菌3种,其它真菌17种.霉变烟叶及市售霉变成品香烟的带菌量分别为103～107CFU/g和103～105CFU/g.同时查明,环境温度、空气湿度及烟草水分的变化是造成烟草霉变的主要原因.
105 unmildewed and 50 mildewed samples were collected to study the fungal species and numbers in tobacco and the cause of its going mildewed The results showed that 82 species of fungi were found in unmildewed samples including 9 species in Mucorales, 21 species in Asperigillus, 28 species in Penicillium, 2 species in Trichoderma, 3 species in Yeast, and 19 other species And 87 species of fungi were identified in mildewed samples, including 11 species in Mucorales, 25 species in Asperigillus, 29 species in Penicillium, 2 species in Trichoderma, 3 species in Yeast, and 17 other species The fungal numbers in storing tobacco leaves, newproduced cigarettes, and beingsold cigarettes were 101～103 CFU/g, 101～103 CFU/g, and 102～104 CFU/g, respectively While the numbers in mildewed tobacco leaves and mildewed cigarettes being sold were 103～107 CFU/g and 103～105 CFU/g, respectively Moreover, the changes in ambient temperature, air humidity and moisture content of tobacco were the main factors, which caused tobacco to be mildewed
