摘要
现代工程技术的发展对构件承载能力提出越来越高的要求。因此从理论上探讨传统固体力学对弹性极限范围内变形规律的一些基本概念不但对理论的系统化是必要的,而且对构件的设计和新材料的开发也有参考价值。本文从恒温拉伸时应力为应变和应变速率的函数的数学表达式出发,建立起粘弹性固体的本构微分方程。据此,从理论上分析了理想弹性固体和理想粘性固体的基本特性,进而分析了不同加载路径下粘弹性固体的材料常数,并建立起其间的函数关系。
The rapid development of modern engineering techniques demends more re- quirements of structure elements to possess higher loading capacity . Therefore,the theoretical discussions on the basic concept of deformation laws withen the elastic limit of conventional solid mechanics are not only still necessary for the systimatization of theory, but also can be benficial for the design words of structure element and the development of new materials.
In this paper,to behin with the mathematical expression of the stress as the function of strain and strain rate under constant temperature tension process ,then the differential constitutive eqquation of visco 梕lasticsolid is derived . Thus ,the basic features of ideal elastic solid and ideal viscous solid have been analysed theoretically ,and in addition the material constants of viosco梕lastic solid under different loading and the functional relationship among them.
关键词
理想粘性固体
粘弹性固体
变形
ideal elastic solid,ideal viscous solid,visco-elastic solid
