摘要
通过模拟刀耕火种过程 ,对刀耕火种前后的次生林、旱稻地 (第 2年 )和火烧迹地 (火烧后直接撂荒地第 2年 )土壤节肢动物群落结构特征及季节变化进行了调查研究。结果显示 :3块样地土壤节肢动物群落的优势类群组成相同 ,均为蜱螨目、膜翅目和弹尾目 ,但不同生境样地中各优势类群所占群落总数的比例不同 ,并且 3样地常见和稀有类群的组成差异较大 ;土壤节肢动物类群数、个体数和 DG多样性指数表现为次生林高于其它 2块样地 ,而旱稻地和火烧迹地则无较大差异 ,但一些类群在旱稻地、火烧迹地的数量分布与次生林具有差异 ,且在土壤层的表现较为突出 ;3块样地土壤节肢动物群落具有较好相似性 ,其中旱稻地与火烧迹地达到极相似水平 (D、DS>0 .9)。3种不同类型生境土壤节肢动物群落在类群数、个体数和多样性指数的季节变化总体呈现出雨量少的干季或雨季初末期高于雨量最大的雨季中期 ,与当地降雨量和气温变化有密切关系 ,同时各样地土壤节肢动物群落因生境条件不同及人为活动干扰强弱而形成各自的季节消长特点。研究表明刀耕火种后的旱稻种植对土壤节肢动物群落的恢复和发展在一定限制条件 (面积、周围次生林和坡度 )下无破坏性影响 ,但植被改变。
The communities structure and seasonal change in diversity of soil arthropod communities in secondary forest, dry-rice land and fired remains after simulative process of slash-and-burn in Xishuangbanna were studied. The results showed that Acari , Hymenoptera (ant) and Collembola were dominate groups of soil arthropods across the study site, but its individuals proportion of total in different plot were differ. Meanwhile there were great difference on common and rare groups composition of soil arthropods in three plots. We found higher taxonomic groups(number of order), individuals and DG diversity index of soil arthropod communities in secondary forest as compared to the dry-rice land and the fired remains. But there were no significant difference on groups, individuals and DG diversity index of soil arthropods between the dry-rice land and the fired remains. The individuals distribution of some taxonomic groups in three plots also were not statistical difference and there were a high groups similarity of soil arthropod communities in three plots. There were significant difference of dry and rainy on the seasonal change of groups, individuals and DG diversity index of soil arthropod communities in three plots. The character of seasonal change had correlated with variation of average air temperature and rainfall in this area. The groups, individuals and DG diversity index of soil arthropod communities were higher in dry season (high temperature) and early or late of rainy season (high temperature and a litter precipitation) than those in metaphase of rainy season or fog season (low temperature and litter precipitation ). At same time, the seasonal change of soil arthropod communities in different plots were also influenced by habitat condition and human activity. The study showed that cultivation dry rice in slash-and-burn land had less side effect on restore of soil arthropod communities, but there were some different degree effects on the seasonal change of soil arthropod communities because of vegetation change and farming activity in different fired remains and dry-rice land.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第5期883-891,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
云南省自然科学基金资助项目 (1 999C0 0 2 1 Q)
国家自然科学基金 (3 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 )资助项目~~
关键词
热带次生林
旱稻种植地
火烧迹地
土壤
节肢动物
群落结构
季节变化
tropical secondary forest
dry-rice land
fired remains
soil arthropod communities
structure and diversity
seasonal change
