摘要
通过对舍内粪便、空气和舍外环境 (10、5 0、10 0m)中的空气分离到的细菌鉴定 ,包括细菌DNA分子生物学检测及药物敏感实验以及细菌含量统计学分析 ,证明三者之间存在着内在联系 ;舍内环境微生物气溶胶包括耐药细菌通过舍内外气体交换排往鸡舍周围环境 ,舍周边环境在一定范围内受到生物污染。研究显示 ,在粪便、舍内空气、舍外环境 10、5 0、10 0m空气中分离的金黄色葡萄球菌和链球菌 80 %以上对氯霉素(CMP)和对苯唑青霉素 (OXA)耐药 ;粪便和舍内外环境空气中的 80 %以上的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌对氨苄青霉素 (AMP)、氯霉素 (CMP)、头孢唑啉 (CFZ)均为抑制。证明该鸡舍曾经使用过这些药物治疗或作为添加剂在饲料中添加 ,鸡群产生了耐药细菌菌株 ,并向环境传播。测量数据统计结果指出 ,十里河鸡场鸡舍内环境空气中的大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和链球菌与舍外环境中相应菌群含量比较差异显著或极显著 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,但舍外 10、5 0、10 0m之间的相应菌群比较差异不显著(P >0 .0 5 ) ,这说明鸡舍内环境细菌气溶胶含量产生多 ,含量高 ,菌源强度大 ;另一方面 ,反应了鸡舍内环境微生物气溶胶包括耐药细菌能向舍外环境扩散 ,使舍外环境在一定的范围内受到动物源性生物污染 ,影响范围大于 10 0m?
Indoor and outdoor air samples(down wind 10,50 and 100 m)as well as feces samples of a poultry house were collected and the concentrations of airborne aerobic bacteria,Escherichia coli,Samonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus were measured.The isolated bacteria were identified with bacteriological method,furthermore the DNA G+C mol % of the bacteria was also analysed in order to determine the identity of the DNA.The obtained results showed that the bacteria all locations as mentioned above were identical.The antibiotics sensitive experiment of the isolated bacteria all locations showed that>80 % of Escherichia coli,Salmonella were resistant against Ampicillion(AMP),Chloramphenicol(CMP),CFZ and>80 % of the Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus resistant against CMP and oxazocillin(OXA).The high percentage and multiple resistant against CMP and out the poultry house were attributed also to its therapeutic usage or as nutritive supplements.Based on comparison of concentrations of the Escherichia coli,salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus between indoor and outdoor air(10,50,100 m),it was found that both exhibited statistical significance or highly statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01).No statistical significance among 10,50 or 100 m was observed.This could be concluded that the microbiological aerosols in the chicken house were relatively higher and were transmitted by air exchanging of the hen house through the atmosphere to the house surroundings and over quite considerable distance.This could cause environmental pollution of the bacteria within certain range.Based on comparison of concentrations of the Escherichia coli,salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus between the poultry house air and feces,it was found that both indicated positive correlation(r=0.99).This from one side suggested that feces could be the main source of the airborne bacteria.
出处
《中国预防兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第3期209-214,共6页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
基金
教育部教外司 [1999-36 3]项目
山东省自然科学基金 [Q99D0 8]
关键词
微生物气深胶
耐药细菌
鸡舍
环境生物污染
microbiological aerosol
antibiotics_resistant strain
poultry house
environmental pollution of bacteria
