摘要
目前,对航天员心血管选拔的方法和标准在不断改进和完善,但仍缺少对地面模拟失重调节适应能力的选拔方法。本文以人在头低位-15°卧床4h,模拟航天员进入失重时体液头向分布的生理效应,观察心血管调节反应和适应能力及其个体差别。结果发现,38%受试者可根据心血管适应性与不适应性分为两种不同反应类型。不适应型受试者在卧床30min至60min内出现类似空间适应综合征的植物神经功能紊乱症状,其心率、血压、总外周阻力、动脉顺应性和脑血流图等指标与适应性组比较差异大,具有统计学意义的改变。
Nowadays, methods and standards for the selection of astronauts'cardiovascular regulative function are getting improved though not yet perfect. A method of—15°head-down tilt in bed for 4h in stead of —2～—6° head down for 1～2 weeks as commonly used by other authors was used in this study. Cardioveascular regulative function and its adaptation to the effects of body fluid redistribution were observed, and individual differences among the subjects were also analysed. Adaptive and unadaptive reactions were differentiated clearly. Reactions resembling the space-adaptation syndrome were found in 13/38 of the subjects within 30～60 min of bed rest when marked changes of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), arteriole compliance (AC), and rheoencephalogram (REG) occurred. It was suggested that blood redistribution during head down tilt not only caused changes in cardiovascular functions, but also induced functional, or even structural changes in the brain, and those who were adapted to this kind of reactions would be more susceptible to space-adaptive-syndrome.The experiment on all of the 13 unadaptive subjects were suspended because of disturbances inautonomic nervous system observed in 30～60 min. All of the 25 adapative subjects could endureover 4h. The same tests were repeated in 12 subjects (7 adapative, 5 unadapative) 2—3 weeks later, and the results were consistent with those of the first experiment perfectly. The results showed that the method of —15° head-down tilt in bed for 1 h could be used in the selection of adptability of human body to microgravity.
出处
《航天医学与医学工程》
CAS
CSCD
1992年第3期186-192,共7页
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
关键词
失重模拟
航天员
选拔
心血管系统
weightlessness simulations, bed rest, astronaut selection, cardiovascular system, methodology
