2Guild S R. The glomus jugulare, a nonchromaffin paraganglion,in man[J]. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 1953, 62: 1045- 1071.
3Lee J H,Barich F, Karnell L H,Robinson R A, Zhen W K, Gantz B J, et al. National cancer data base report on malignant paragangliomas of the head and neck[J]. Cancer, 2002,94: 730- 737.
4Phelps P D, Cheesman A D. Imagine jugulotympanic glomus tumors[J]. Arch Ololaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1990,116 : 940- 945.
5Sen C,Hague K,Kaechara R,Jenkins A, Das S, Catalano P. Jugular foramen: microscopic anatomic features and implications for neural preservation with reference to glomus tumors involving the temporal bone[J]. Neurosurgery, 2001,48 : 838 847.
6Van den Berg R . Imaging and management of head and neck paragangliomas[J]. Eur Radiol, 2005,15 : 1310-1318.
7Michael L M 2nd, Robertson J H. Glomus jugulare tumors: historical overview of the management of this disease[J]. Neurosurg Focus,2004,17 : E1.