摘要
目的 了解我国医院感染现患情况和危险因素。方法 采取床旁调查和同期住院病历调查相结合的方法 ,调查 1天的所有住院病人医院感染患病情况。结果 共收到可用资料 178份 ,病人现患率和感染例次现患率分别为 5 .36 % (5 4 6 6 / 10 1991)和 5 .73% (5 84 3/ 10 1991) ;ICU的现患率最高 (2 6 .17% ) ;不同性别、年龄 ,是否有泌尿道插管、动静脉插管、使用呼吸机、气管切开、血液透析、免疫抑制剂、激素、放疗、化疗 ,切口污染程度 ,基础疾病数等都与医院感染有关 ;气管切开 (RR =7.5 5 )、使用呼吸机 (RR =3.2 4 )、泌尿道插管 (RR =2 .5 5 )、动静脉插管(RR =2 .37)等相对危险度较高 ;引起医院感染的病原体中铜绿假单胞菌最多 (12 .38% ) ,其次为白色念珠菌(10 .83% )。结论 ICU的现患率较高 ;铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌是常见病原体 ;
Objective To estimate the the prevalence and risk factors of nosocomial infection(NI) in China. Method 178 hospitals were surveyed for a one day point prevalence of NI in all hospitalized patients, all patients were investigated by bed visiting and patients'medical records checking. Results One hundred and seventy eight hospitals had reported qualified data. The prevalence and case prevalence rate were 5.36% (5 466/101 991) and 5.73% (5 843/101 991) respectively. ICU had the highest prevalence rate of 26.17% . The risk factors for hospital infection were as follows: male, age<2 or >60, indwelling catheter, blood catheter, respiratory ventilator, tracheotomy, hemodialysis, use of immunosuppressive agents, hormone, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and incisional contamination, DRGS≥3, and so on. The higher risk factors were tracheotomy (RR= 7.55 ), respiratory ventilator (RR= 3.24 ), indwelling catheter (RR= 2.55 ), blood catheter (RR= 2.37 ) and so on. P.aeruginosa ( 12.38% ) was the most common pathogen causing nosocomial infection, C.albicans ( 10.83% ) was the next. Conclusion Patients in ICU had higher prevalence of NI. P.aeruginosa and C.albicans were common pathogens causing nosocomial infection, invasive operation was important risk factor.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2003年第1期6-10,共5页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
医院感染
危险因素
调查分析
流行病学
nosocomial infection
prevalence survey
risk factors [Chin J Infect Control, 2003, 2(1): 6-10]
