摘要
在竞争激烈的全球化市场和发展迅速的信息社会,有效的自我学习是终生学习的基本条件。对于进行远程和独立学习的成人来说,如何强化他们有效的自我学习能力,是远程教育领域中一个重要的研究主题。自律学习是自我学习的一种策略与形式,在传统的教育心理学界已进行了广泛和系统的探讨,但在远程和成人教育领域很少涉及。本文描述了自律学习的理念,同时探讨如何运用自律学习来促进成人在远程教育情境中的学习。除了以文献分析为主要的方法外,作者也结合了自己的教育实践经验,分析远程教育中成人自律学习的心理及个人背景因素,并提出了促进远程成人自律学习的五方面建议,以供远程和成人教育工作者参考。
Lifelong learning is essential to one's survival in a highly-competitive globalized market and a rapidly chang-ing information society.But before one can successfully engage in lifelong learning,one should possess the ability to self-regulate one's learning.Thus self-regulated learning has become an important area of research in distance education.Self-regulated learning has been widely and systematically studied in the traditional discipline of edu-cational psychology but little has been done in distance and adult education.This area urgently requires attention as self-regulated learning is a necessary tool for different kinds of adult distance learning.To effectively engage in self-regulated learning in a distance mode,adult learners have to independently complete the following tasks:formulation of learning objectives;management of learning process;search for possi-ble learning assistance and elimination of learning barriers.If these tasks cannot be successfully accomplished throughout the learning process,the learning outcomes might be adversely affected.The problem for adult distance learners is that the conditions required for the completion of these tasks are often lacking.To effectively develop the skills for and engage in self-regulated learning,adult learners are required to pos- sess a number of intrinsic and extrinsic traits,which include psychological variables such as meta-cognition,cog-nition,perception and behavior,as well as social variables like gender,age,occupation and socio-economic sta-tus.Similar to self-directed learning,self-regulated learning can and must be taught and the skills involved nur-tured.In the context of distance education,the ability to engage in self-regulated learning is a prerequisite to a desirable educational outcome.The author of this paper puts forward five potential strategies for enhancing self-regulated learning skills:(1)analyzing the tasks in adult distance learning in order to determine the components of basic competencies;(2)determining the personal factors that support effective distance learning;(3)developing distance learners' ability to improve their self-regulated learning skills;(4)comparing the cultural differences of adult distance learners engaged in self-regulated learning;(5)researching the theories and applications of the self-regulated learning of adult distance learners.
出处
《中国远程教育》
北大核心
2003年第3期23-28,共6页
Chinese Journal of Distance Education
