摘要
对钯 氢体系的物理化学性质进行了综合评述。钯是一种面心立方 (fcc)结构的吸氢金属 ,氢原子溶解在晶格中 ,占据八面体间隙位(O) ,形成fcc的子晶格 ,吸氢时晶格发生等方性膨胀 ;氢在钯中的扩散路径为O T O跃迁 ,存在反同位素效应 ;钯氢化物的氢同位素分离因子较大 ,并受到温度、氢浓度等因数的影响 ;钯 氢体系的p c等温线表现出良好的坪台性 ,Pd H和Pd D均存在临界点 ,尚未确定Pd T有无临界点 ;单晶钯 氢反应动力学与不同的晶面有关 ;钯
The physical and chemical properties for Pd H system were reviewed. The crystal structure of pure Pd is of face centered cubic ( fcc ) and it is a hydrogen absorbing metal. The hydrogen atom dissolves in lattice and occupies octahedral interstitial position, and then forms hydrogen sublattice (fcc ). Upon hydrogen absorption the lattice undergoes an isotropic expansion while retaining its fcc structure. The defects in lattice are mainly extended type. The diffusion path of hydrogen is O T O jumping and there is reverse isotopic effect accompanying with quantum effect. The separation factor of palladium hydride is relatively larger than other common metal hydride and is affected by temperature and hydrogen concentration. The pressure composition isotherm in palladium hydrogen system exhibits good plateau. Pd H and Pd D systems have their own critical point respectively, but it has not been in agreement about the critical point of Pd T system. The dynamical property for single crystal Pd H reaction associates with the specific crystal face exposured to hydrogen. Tritium aging effect exists in Pd T system.
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第2期278-285,共8页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
关键词
钯
氢同位素
金属氢化物
palladium
hydrogen isotope
metal hydride
