摘要
通过两步回归法研究了儿童呼吸健康与 PM2 .5和 PM2 .5- 1 0 中元素浓度的统计关联。发现了哮喘、支气管炎、气喘、慢性咳嗽和慢性咳痰与污染元素、土壤元素的某些关联性。比较了粗、细颗粒物中元素与呼吸健康反应之间的异同。提出了解释土壤元素与健康反应之间正向关联性的“土壤粒子团”假设。
As is known, air pollution has been threatening children's healthy growth, especially with their respiratory system, and so it has become a common interest in the world in finding factors liable to cause children's diseases in this way. Based on a so-called two-stage regression, this paper aims to uncover the correlated factors leading to children's respiratory abnormality with the concentration of 19 elements present in the particulate dusts (both for PM 2.5 and PM 2.5-10). At the first stage, we have taken into consideration the so-called logistic regression model for the region-specific effects examination, on the second stage, however, a weighted linear regression is used to compare and correlate each particulate element with children's actual respiratory morbidity. As done in the previous studies, we also classify the elements in PM into three categories: pollution-generated elements, crust ones and those standing in-between. The paper has, then, introduced the Odds Ratios (OR for short below) between the above elements and five respiratory health morbidities. As a result of our analysis, asthma is strongly associated with the pollution-generated elements next to the crust elements, which experimentally account for most children's respiratory problems. Chronic phlegm, in turn, displays significant positive association with crust elements in fine particulate. Compared with the associations between elements in coarse and fine particulate, asthma seems closer associated with the elements in fine PM than with that in coarse PM, though it might be an indirect one. As high correlation coefficient among crust elements (r=0.70-0.93), crust elements may exist in PM as 'crust particle groups', which is likely to serve as a carrier of VOC, bacteria, and other toxic matters. Though further studies are needed, the hypothesis is helpful to explain why respiratory problems with children are closer correlated to the coarse PM in a few publications. The result of this study, hence, indicates that much attention should be paid not only to industrial pollution but also to the crust dust in the environmental pollution control.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第1期8-12,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
中美科技合作项目 (编号 :92 1 0 30 339)
