摘要
针对干旱、半干旱草原退化、沙化区传统的靠天然草地的放牧型草原畜牧业走到了一个十分困难境地的现实 ,指出了在严重缺水地区发展露天人工草地会带来新的沙漠化和土地退化。提出了具有高技术、高投入、高产出特征的牧草生产新观念——设施草业。设施草业生产方式是牧草在日光温室内生长 ,如同在工厂内进行草业生产。其生产系统包括加热系统、降温系统、通风系统、遮阳系统、微灌系统和中心控制系统。设施草业生产技术包含了现代农业的主要技术特征 ,主要包括种子工程、栽培技术、病虫害防治、加工保存和利用技术等。中国农科院草原研究所在内蒙古苏尼特左旗草场极度退化区开展了设施草业生产的初步试验 ,引种的高丹草在 2 0 0 1年 4月 2 5日～ 9月 2 4日期间收获 4茬 ,获得了 180 t/ hm2 的收获量。
Traditional pastoralists dependent on the grazing model of natural pasture was faced the dilemma between sustainable development and ecological preservation in degenerating and deserting regions of arid or semi arid grasslands. A new concept of facility fodder production system with characteristics of high technology, high investment and high productivity was proposed, as developing artificial pasture under the current situation of serious water shortages would lead to progressive grassland deterioration. The facility fodder production system of vegetable growth in the green house consisted of heating, cooling, ventilating, lighting, irrigating and central controlling sub systems. It also included the modern agricultural characteristics of seed engineering, cultivation technique, plant protection and process utilization. First of all, the use of the facility fodder production system needed to solve the problem of knowledge accessibility. Secondly, it had to be compiled into the basic agricultural construction and financial investment plan. Thirdly, a variety of technicians were chosen to participate in the study together. The test of the facility fodder production system in the degenerative or deserting region of Sinuate, Inner Mongolia in 2001 was carried out primarily. The results showed that the newly introduced Sorghum Sudanese Staff was harvested 4 times from April 25 to september 24. Its yield reached 180 t/hm 2. In regard to the dilemma between sustainable development of animal husbandry and biological deterioration of the desert region in the arid and semi arid grassland, a new viewpoint of facility fodder production with characteristics of high technology, high investment and high productivity is proposed. Simultaneously, the developing prospects and the technical details of facility fodder production are discussed.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第1期184-186,共3页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
