摘要
侵权诉讼为遭受气候变化不利影响的私主体依循“损害—救济”的路径诉诸司法提供了熟悉的选项。气候变化侵权诉讼可以促进个人和环保组织参与环境监管,降低公民对执法机关主动作为的依赖性,从而实现既赔偿受害人又助力气候治理的司法效果。探求这种特殊侵权诉讼的规范进路,应当超越侵权损害救济的思维,解决其管辖权、法律适用、归责原则等问题,使之在气候变化诉讼体系中发挥“引擎”作用,促进公众参与,在行政救济不足之处拓展气候变化侵权诉讼功能。为此,应加强气候变化侵权诉讼的程序法、冲突法和实体法规范建设,推动中国司法应对气候变化侵权诉讼的能力建设,责成跨国公司等被诉主体承担气候变化损失损害赔偿责任。
Tort litigation provides a familiar option for private parties suffering from the adverse effects of climate change to resort to justice according to the path of“damage-relief”.Climate change tort litigation can promote the participation of individuals and environmental protection organizations in environmental supervision,reduce citizens’dependence on the initiative of law enforcement agencies,and thus achieve the judicial effect of both compensating victims and helping climate governance.To explore the normative approach of this special type of tort litigation,it is imperative to move beyond the paradigm of tort damage remedy and address such issues as jurisdiction,choice of law,and principle of liability attribution.In this way,tort litigation can function as a“litigation engine”within the climate change litigation system,promote public participation,and expand its role in contexts where administrative remedies are inadequate.To this end,efforts should be made to strengthen the development of procedural,application of laws,and substantive law norms governing climate change tort litigation,enhance the capacity of China’s judiciary to adjudicate such cases,and hold respondent entities including transnational corporations liable for compensating for the loss and damage resulting from climate change.
作者
梅宏
MEI Hong(Law School,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《中国海商法研究》
2026年第1期99-108,共10页
Chinese Journal of Maritime Law
基金
2025年度山东省社科规划研究专项重点项目“山东加快推进绿色低碳高质量发展先行区的法治建设研究”(25BCXJ03)。
关键词
气候变化侵权诉讼
跨国公司
气候变化损失损害
管辖权
法律适用
归责原则
climate change tort litigation
transnational corporation
loss and damage resulting from climate change
jurisdiction
application of law
principle of liability attribution
