摘要
《海商法》“海上货物运输合同”章的修订以问题为导向,贯彻“扬弃”这一哲学概念,平衡了稳定与创新,提升了可操作性与规范性。修订后在形式上,该章增加了第五节“电子运输记录”,原第七节“航次租船合同的特别规定”移至“租船合同”章。在内容上,该章主要将国内海上货物运输合同纳入调整范围,并与国际海上货物运输合同实行“最小双轨制”;继续以《海牙-维斯比规则》中承运人义务、免责事由和赔偿责任限制的规定为基础,并参照《鹿特丹规则》中电子运输记录、运输单证、托运人交付货物义务、货物控制权等合理或成熟的规定,完善货物灭失或损坏金额计算、货物留置权等具有中国特色的规定,优化了“混合制度”。该章修订后依然存在若干需要通过司法解释等司法实践予以解决的问题。
The revision of Chapter“Contract of Carriage of Goods by Sea”in Chinese Maritime Code complied with problem-orientation and balancing stability and innovation of the legal regime of carriage of goods by sea,and enhanced enforceability and standardization of legal norms.In terms of form,Section“Electronic Transport Record”has been added and the original Section“Special Provisions Regarding Voyage Charter Party”has been removed to Chapter“Charter Parties”.In terms of content,contract of domestic carriage of goods by sea has been included in the scope of application of this Chapter with several special provisions,and an approach of minimum dual regimes has been adopted.Continuing to be based on the provisions regarding carrier’s obligations,exemptions and limitation of liability contained in the Hague-Visby Rules,the hybrid regime has been optimized by reference to the provisions on electronic transport record,transport document,shipper’s obligation to deliver goods for carriage,right of control,and other reasonable or mature provisions of the Rotterdam Rules,and by improving the calculation of indemnity for loss of or damage to goods,lien on goods,and other provisions with Chinese characteristics.After revision of this Chapter,there still exist several issues that need to be solved through judicial interpretation or other judicial practices.
作者
胡正良
HU Zhengliang(School of Law,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《中国海商法研究》
2026年第1期17-29,共13页
Chinese Journal of Maritime Law
基金
2024年度国家社科基金重点项目“百年大变局下中华民族复兴进程中的海洋物流风险及应对策略”(24AZD049)。
关键词
《海商法》修订
海上货物运输合同
最小双轨制
混合制度
法律继承
revision of Chinese Maritime Code
contract of carriage of goods by sea
minimum dual regimes
hybrid regime
legal succession
