摘要
基于水均衡法原理,以贵州省瓮安县老虎洞磷矿为研究区,构建了适用于岩溶水文地质单元的地下水资源量化评价模型。研究区为封闭式泉排泄型岩溶地下水系统,地下水补给主要来源于降水入渗(8372 m^(3)/d)和河流渗漏(15356 m^(3)/d),排泄以矿山排水(28011 m^(3)/d)为主导,天然泉排泄仅占389 m^(3)/d。通过均衡方程计算,发现地下水储变量为-13667 m^(3)/d,呈现显著负增长,表明当前开采强度已超出含水层动补给能力,导致静储量消耗和水位大幅下降(南部水位降幅超100 m),甚至引发地下水流向逆转。研究揭示采矿活动已严重改变地下水自然循环模式,建议优化排水方案并控制开采强度,以保障水资源可持续利用。该成果为类似岩溶矿区地下水资源评价与科学管理提供了方法参考和实证依据。
Based on the principles of the water balance method,this study established a quantitative assessment model of groundwater resources applicable to karst hydrogeological units,with the Laohudong phosphate mine in Weng'an County,Guizhou Province,as the study area.The study area is a closed-spring discharge type karst groundwater system,where groundwater recharge primarily originates from precipitation infiltration(8372 m^(3)/d)and river leakage(15356 m^(3)/d).Discharge is dominated by mine drainage(28011 m^(3)/d),while natural spring discharge accounts for only 389 m^(3)/d.Calculations using the balance equation reveal a groundwater storage variation of-13667 m^(3)/d,indicating a significant negative trend.This demonstrates that the current mining intensity has exceeded the dynamic recharge capacity of the aquifer,leading to the depletion of static storage,a substantial decline in water levels(exceeding 100 m in the southern area),and even a reversal of groundwater flow direction.The study reveals that mining activities have significantly altered the natural groundwater circulation pattern.It is recommended to optimize the drainage scheme and control mining intensity to ensure sustainable utilization of water resources.These findings provide methodological references and empirical evidence for groundwater resources assessment and scientific management in similar karst mining areas.
作者
黄志强
潘小明
金军
周泽
HUANG Zhi-qiang;PAN Xiao-ming;JIN Jun;ZHOU Ze(Guizhou Academician Workstation for Highgrade Ore Intensive Development and Environmental Protection,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Development,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;Geological Survey Research Institute,Guizhou Coalfield Geology Bureau,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China)
出处
《地下水》
2026年第2期29-31,共3页
Ground water
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台KXJZ[2024]003)。
关键词
水均衡法
老虎洞磷矿
地下水资源评价
储变量失衡
water balance method
Laohudong phosphate mine
groundwater resources assessment
imbalance of storage variation
