摘要
数字经济时代,提高企业劳动收入份额是促进高质量就业的重要保障。以中国制造业上市公司为样本,构建企业层面智能化发展水平指标,实证检验智能化发展如何影响企业劳动收入份额。研究发现,智能化发展能显著促进企业劳动收入份额提升,在采用“双维工具变量”和剔除“疫情重大事件”进行检验后结论依然稳健。内外部劳动力调整成本分析显示,降低调整成本有助于增强智能化发展对劳动收入份额的促进效果。进一步的机制检验发现,智能化发展主要通过优化人力资本结构、促进技术创新和改善管理效率提升企业劳动收入份额。异质性方面,提高高管与员工的股权激励均能促进智能化与劳动收入份额之间的正相关关系,加强数字金融和市场化建设能放大企业智能化发展对收入分配促进效应,促进高质量充分就业目标实现。劳动力替代效应分析表明,智能化发展通过技能和学历偏向性显著调整劳动力需求结构,增加高技能与高学历员工占比,同时减少对低技能劳动力的需求。
In the era of digital economy,increasing the enterprise labor income share is an important guarantee for promoting high-quality employment.Taking listed manufacturing companies in China as samples,this paper applies text mining method to measure the level of intelligent transformation of enterprises,and studies the influence and mechanism of intelligent transformation on the labor income share of enterprises.It is found that intelligent transformation can significantly increase the labor income share of enterprises,and the results hold with a number of robustness checks.The analysis of internal and external labor adjustment costs reveals that reducing adjustment costs can enhance the promoting effect of intelligent development on labor income share.Further mechanism tests reveal that the development of intelligence primarily enhances the labor income share of enterprises by optimizing the structure of human capital,promoting technological innovation,and improving management efficiency.In terms of heterogeneity,increasing equity incentives for both executives and employees can foster a positive correlation between intelligence and labor income share.Strengthening digital finance and marketization construction can amplify the promoting effect of enterprise intelligence development on income distribution,facilitating the achievement of high-quality and full employment goals.Analysis of labor substitution effects demonstrates that intelligent development significantly restructures labor demand through skill and education biases,increasing the proportion of high-skilled and highly-educated employees while reducing reliance on low-skilled labor.
作者
刘进
赵冰青
LIU Jin;ZHAO Bingqing(Business School,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)
出处
《管理学刊》
北大核心
2026年第1期109-122,共14页
Journal of Management
基金
江苏省社科基金重点项目(24ZXZA035)
江苏省社科应用精品工程重点项目(24SYA-020)
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2024SJZD053)。
关键词
智能化发展
人力资本结构
技术创新
高质量就业
劳动收入份额
intelligent development
human capital structure
technological innovation
high-quality employment
labor income share
