摘要
粘结剂喷射打印是一种非熔融式粉末床工艺,通过逐层沉积粘结剂成形生坯,再经脱脂和烧结获得致密零件。烧结作为该工艺的核心工序,显著影响零件的致密度、微观结构与力学性能。建模与模拟是理解烧结机理的关键工具,最新研究综述了多尺度模拟方法。分子动力学解析原子扩散机制但受限于计算尺寸,微观尺度中离散元法表征颗粒接触力学、蒙特卡罗法追踪晶粒粗化、相场模型捕捉孔隙演变,但这些方法存在理想化简化与参数不确定性。宏观连续体层面采用热弹粘塑性本构模型描述烧结变形,致密化模型通过实验数据校准参数,为变形数值模拟提供材料基础,现象学模型则实现致密化定量预测。对比显示单一尺度模型难以全面覆盖烧结过程,需发展多尺度耦合策略。当前挑战包括多物理场耦合机制不完善、跨尺度参数传递缺乏物理依据,未来可结合机器学习代理模型构建工艺参数与缺陷的定量映射,优化烧结工艺。
Binder jet printing is a non-melting powder bed process that forms green parts through layer-by-layer deposition of binder,followed by debinding and sintering to obtain dense parts.Sintering,as the core process,significantly affects the density,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the parts.Modeling and simulation are key tools for understanding sintering mechanisms,and the recent research reviews the multi-scale simulation methods.Molecular dynamics resolves atomic diffusion mechanisms but is limited by computational scale;at the microscale,the discrete element method characterizes particle contact mechanics,the Monte Carlo method tracks grain coarsening,and the phase-field model captures pore evolution,yet these methods involve idealized simplifications and parameter uncertainties.At the macroscopic continuum level,the thermo-elasto-viscoplastic constitutive models describe sintering deformation,the densification models calibrate parameters through experimental data to provide a material basis for deformation numerical simulation,and phenomenological models achieve quantitative prediction of densification.Comparisons show that single-scale models struggle to fully cover the sintering process,necessitating the development of multi-scale coupling strategies.Current challenges include incomplete multi-physics field coupling mechanisms and a lack of physical basis for cross-scale parameter transfer.Future work could combine machine learning surrogate models to establish quantitative mappings between process parameters and defects,thereby optimizing the sintering process.
作者
陶勇
范舟
TAO Yong;FAN Zhou(School of New Energy and Materials,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,610599,P.R.China)
出处
《南方金属》
2026年第1期9-14,4,共7页
Southern Metals
