摘要
1998年国家启动天然林保护工程后,国有林区生产经营方式发生根本性转变,木材采伐量逐年减少,大批林业职工面临从“砍树人”向“护林人”的身份转型。本文以内蒙古兴安盟五岔沟林业局为研究对象,通过实地调查和深度访谈,分析天保工程实施背景下林业职工身份转型的现实困境与职业再造路径。研究发现,五岔沟林业局自1998年实施天保工程以来,木材产量大幅削减,西口林场等下属单位下岗职工达150余人,职工安置成为基层林场的突出难题。在身份转型过程中,职工面临职业技能断层、劳动关系复杂化、社会保障衔接不畅等多重困境。与此同时,随着森林管护、公益林建设、林下经济等新业态发展,林业职工逐步探索出向护林员、育苗工、特色种养殖户等多元职业方向转型的路径。本文认为,建立健全培训体系、完善社会保障机制、拓宽就业渠道是推动林业职工顺利实现身份转型的关键支撑。
After the national natural forest protection project was launched in 1998,the production and operation mode of state-owned forest areas underwent fundamental changes,and the amount of timber harvested decreased year by year.A large number of forestry workers faced the transformation from"tree cutters"to"forest rangers".This article takes the Wuchagou Forestry Bureau in Xing'an League,Inner Mongolia as the research object.Through field investigations and in-depth interviews,it analyzes the practical difficulties and career reconstruction paths of forestry workers'identity transformation under the background of the implementation of the Tianbao Project.Research has found that since the implementation of the Tianbao Project in 1998,the Wuchagou Forestry Bureau has significantly reduced its timber production,resulting in more than 150 laid-off workers from subordinate units such as Xikou Forest Farm.Employee resettlement has become a prominent problem for grassroots forest farms.In the process of identity transformation,employees face multiple challenges such as vocational skill gaps,complex labor relations,and poor social security connections.At the same time,with the development of new formats such as forest management,public welfare forest construction,and understory economy,forestry workers are gradually exploring a path to transform into diverse professions such as forest rangers,seedling workers,and specialty breeders.This article believes that establishing a sound training system,improving social security mechanisms,and expanding employment channels are key supports for forestry workers to smoothly achieve identity transformation.
作者
王海波
石磊
Wang Haibo;Shi Lei(Hinggan League Wuchagou Forestry Bureau,Aershan,Inner Mongolia 137400)
出处
《生态学与可持续发展研究》
2026年第2期35-37,共3页
Research on Ecology and Sustainable Development
关键词
天保工程
五岔沟林业局
“砍树人”
“护林人”
身份转型
职业技能再造
Tianbao project
Wuchagou Forestry Bureau
"Tree Feller"
"Forest Ranger"
identity transformation
vocational skill reengineering
