摘要
汉香猕猴桃是从野生中华猕猴桃优株实生播种群体中选育的雌性猕猴桃新品系。果实倒卵圆形,果面被覆黄褐色短茸毛,极易脱落;果喙浅凹,果肩圆形,果实花萼环明显,果柄较长,平均长度为4.99 cm;果皮浅褐色或褐色,果皮较难剥离,果实成熟后易脱落,果肉黄色,果心黄白色,椭圆形。平均单果质量73.8 g,最大单果质量85.6 g,可溶性固形物含量(w,下同)19.6%,可溶性糖含量12.04%,总酸含量1.25%,维生素C含量750.4 mg·kg^(-1)。树势较强,是一个萌芽率(57.88%)、成枝率(92.98%)均高的品种。结果枝以中果枝和短果枝结果为主,结果枝的第1~6节均可开花结果,以1~4节为主。以单花结果(58.82%)为主,其次是三花(30.88%)和双花(10.29%)。在鄂西北地区,汉香于3月上中旬开始萌芽,4月中旬进入盛花期,花期为4~6 d,9月下旬果实成熟。该品种适合在秦巴山区及相似生态区种植。
Hanxiang kiwifruit is a new Actinidia chinensis cultivar selected from wild kiwifruit population.Excellent wild resources were found in Wudang Mountain,Shiyan City,Hubei Province,in 2007,seeds were sown in 2008,a single plant with strong growth potential and beautiful fruit shape was selected in 2013(No.Wudang 07-1-4),and graft observation was made in 2013.After continuous observation over several years,it was found that this superior strain exhibited stable performance and a strong tree structure.New variety protection was applied for in 2019,and new variety right certificate was obtained in 2024(variety name Hanxiang)with the variety right number CNA20191001687.The annual branch is reddish brown,the epidermis is rough,and there are short fusiform yellow pores.Leaf blade is subfan,with heart-shaped base,adaxially medium green color,no or very sparse fuzz,and weak corrugation,abaxially light green color,and medium density fuzz.The flowers are mostly solitary,with white petals,5-7 sepals,2.8-3.5 cm corolla in diameter,light green filaments,yellow anthers,white style,horizontal growth,and 2.1-2.7 cm stalk in length.The fruit is obovate,the maximum single fruit weight is 85.6 g,and the average single fruit weight is 73.8 g.Fruit surface is covered with yellowish brown short hairs and easy to fall off.The beak of the fruit is shallow concave,the shoulder is round,the calyx ring of the fruit is obvious,and the stalk is longer,averaging 4.99 cm.The peel is light brown or brown,the fruit is easy to fall off after maturity,and the peel is difficult to peel off.The core is yellowish-white and oval.The outer flesh is light yellow,and the inner flesh is yellow.Fruit soluble solid content is 19.6%,soluble sugar content is 12.04%,total acids content is 1.25%,and vitamin C content is 750.4 mg kg^(-1).When an orchard is built,the spacing between the plants should be 3 m×(4-4.5)m.It is recommended to use Moshan Xiong 2 or other male varieties whose flowering periods coincide with it,and the ratio of males to females is usually(6-8)∶1.Generally,fertilization is applied three times a year.The germination fertilizer is mainly nitrogen fertilizer,combined with potassium fertilizer application.The fruit swell fertilizer is mainly applied with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium combined with human and animal manure water.After picking fruit,apply base fertilizer after digging a circular or semi-circular trench 35 cm deep and 30 cm wide around the tree disc,with the decomposed organic fertilizer.Pay attention to soil moisture management,timely irrigation in high temperature drought resistance and tree disc covering;Pay attention to timely drainage in rainy season.One trunk with two main vines remained is recommended.When pruning in winter,the amount of buds left should be appropriate,and in summer,attention should be paid to removing superfluous buds,sprouting and pinching.In the western part of Hubei Province,Hanxiang begins to sprout in early to mid-March,reaches its peak flowering in mid-April,with a flowering period of 4 to 6 days,and the fruits mature in late September.The northwest Hubei or similar climatic regions are suitable for cultivation.
作者
肖涛
黄海雷
刘涛
程均欢
肖丽丽
王华玲
朱先波
胡光明
吴伟
XIAO Tao;HUANG Hailei;LIU Tao;CHENG Junhuan;XIAO Lili;WANG Hualing;ZHU Xianbo;HUGuangming;WUWei(Shiyan Institute of Economic Crop Research,Shiyan 442000,Hubei,China)
出处
《果树学报》
北大核心
2026年第3期717-720,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
农业农村部果树育种技术重点实验室开放基金课题(NYB-202104-01)
湖北省第四批现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(2024HBSTX4-08)
湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金(HBZY2023A001-05)
武当特色中药研究湖北省重点实验室(湖北医药学院)开放课题(WDCM2024012)
十堰市农业科学院科技创新专项(SNK202502)。
关键词
猕猴桃
新品种
汉香
Kiwifruit
New cultivar
Hanxiang
