摘要
繁花山梨是从山梨的自然实生后代中选育出的梨新品种。树姿半直立,树势强健;1年生枝平均长度63.0 cm,平均粗度5.0 mm,黄褐色,节间长度3.95 cm;梨树的单位干截面积花朵数量可达43.44朵·cm^(-2)。平均每花序为6.8枚花朵,花冠平均直径4.25 cm;花蕾深粉色,花瓣卵圆形,平均5枚,相对位置重叠,展开初期花瓣顶部粉色,随着花朵逐渐向外伸展变为白色;雄蕊(花药)平均18.5枚,深紫红色;柱头5枚,位置高于花药,基部无茸毛。初花期极早,在辽宁兴城,初花期约为4月8日,盛花期约为4月10日,落花期约为4月19日,花期约12 d,持续时间较长。抗寒性强,适宜在东北等寒冷地区栽植,可用于城市的绿化建设。
Pyrus ussuriensis‘Fanhua’,a new pear cultivar with excellent appearance,was selected from seedlings of natural hybridization of P.ussuriensis.From 2012 to 2015,a three-year comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the phenological phases,tree vigor,floral,foliar,shoot,and fruit characteristics of 52 natural seedlings of P.ussuriensis.Based on this evaluation,5 individuals with excellent comprehensive traits and suitability for ornamental planting were preliminarily selected in early 2015.From 2017 to 2019,a three-year consecutive comprehensive evaluation was conducted on one of the elite line Pu-AT-1.The cultivar has strong tree vigor,with a semi-upright canopy.The one-year-old shoots are yellow brown in color,with average length and diameter of 63.0 cm and 5.0 mm,respectively.The average length of internodes is 3.95 cm.The number of flowers per unit cross-sectional area of the pear tree trunk is 43.44 flowers/cm^(2).The average number of flowers per inflorescence is 6.8.The average corolla diameter is 4.25 cm.The flower buds are deep pink with an average of five petals and overlapping each other in relative position.In the initial stage of petal expansion,the top of the petals is pink.As the flower gradually opens,it turns white.The petals are ovate.There are five stigmas,which outgrow the stamens.The base of the stigmas has no pubescence.The average number of stamens(anthers)is 18.5,and they are deep purplish red.First bloom occurs very early.In Xingcheng area of Liaoning province,the first flowering occurs on April 8 and the full blooming on April 10,and the flowering period lasts 12 days,which is relatively long.This cultivar has strong cold resistance and is suitable for planting in cold regions such as Northeast China.It can be used for urban landscaping.It is suitable for cultivation in cold regions such as Northeast or Northwest China.This plant has a wide adaptation to soil conditions.Its roots can grow in acidic,neutral,or alkaline soils.To meet its basic growth requirements,the planting sites should have abundant sunlight to facilitate full photosynthesis and a well-functioning drainage system to prevent waterlogging.In urban greening,plant spacing can be selected according to landscape requirements,3 m×3 m or 3 m×4 m.
作者
张莹
曹玉芬
田路明
董星光
霍宏亮
齐丹
徐家玉
刘超
王立东
ZHANG Ying;CAO Yufen;TIAN Luming;DONG Xingguang;HUO Hongliang;QI Dan;XU Jiayu;LIU Chao;WANG Lidong(Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingcheng 125100,Liaoning,China)
出处
《果树学报》
北大核心
2026年第3期709-712,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
财政部和农业农村部-国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-28-01)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-RIP-01)。
关键词
观赏梨
新品种
繁花山梨
抗寒性
Ornamental pear
New cultivar
Pyrus ussuriensis‘Fanhua’
Cold resistance
