摘要
水凝胶是一种由聚合物组成的具有三维网络结构的软材料,由于其具有良好的柔韧性、弹性、高吸水性、生物相容性以及与生物组织的相似性,已被广泛应用于环境工程和生物医学等领域。与传统水凝胶相比,导电水凝胶还具有优异的导电性,这使其在远程健康监测、人体运动检测、电子皮肤、人机界面和软机器人等新兴领域显示出巨大的潜力。因此,近年来人们致力于开发多种性能的导电水凝胶并探索其在各种领域中的应用。目前,根据传输介质的不同,导电水凝胶可以分为电子导电水凝胶和离子导电水凝胶。通常,导电水凝胶可以通过将导电材料掺入水凝胶基质中来制备。然而,随着对水凝胶研究的不断深入,人们对导电水凝胶的性能要求也不断提高,特别是水凝胶的抗溶胀特性。在液相环境中不必要的溶胀会导致水凝胶的力学性能、电导率降低,并且伴随着传感信号的失真。因此,迫切需要制备兼具良好导电性和抗溶胀性能的导电水凝胶。本综述首先对不同类型的导电水凝胶的制备方法进行了讨论。其次,讨论了几种构建抗溶胀导电水凝胶的策略,包括超分子水凝胶、双网络水凝胶等。最后,介绍了抗溶胀导电水凝胶的主要应用领域。
Hydrogel,a soft material composed of polymers with a three-dimensional network structure,has been widely used in fields such as environmental engineering and biomedicine due to its excellent flexibility,elasticity,high water absorption,biocompatibility,and similarity to biological tissues.Conductive hydrogels also have excellent electrical conductivity compared to traditional hydrogels,which makes them show great potential in emerging fields such as remote health monitoring,human motion detection,electronic skin,human-machine interface and soft robotics.Therefore,in recent years,efforts have been made to develop conductive hydrogels with a variety of properties and explore their applications in various fields.Currently,conductive hydrogels could be classified into electronically conductive hydrogels and ionically conductive hydrogels according to the transmission medium.Usually,conductive hydrogels can be prepared by doping conductive materials into the hydrogel matrix.However,with the continuous deepening of the research on hydrogels,the performance requirements of conductive hydrogels have been increasing,especially the anti-swelling properties of hydrogels.Unwanted swelling in the liquid-phase environment leads to a decrease in the hydrogel’s mechanical properties,electrical conductivity,and is accompanied by a distortion of the sensing signal.Therefore,there is an urgent need to prepare conductive hydrogels with both good electrical conductivity and swelling resistance.In this review,firstly,the preparation methods of different types of conductive hydrogels are discussed.Secondly,several strategies for constructing swelling-resistant conductive hydrogels are discussed,including supramolecular hydrogels,dual-network hydrogels,and so on.Finally,the main application areas of anti-swelling conductive hydrogels are presented.
作者
雷通达
段星茹
冯亚亚
李冬鹏
范杰
张青松
LEI Tongda;DUAN Xingru;FENG Yaya;LI Dongpeng;FAN Jie;ZHANG Qingsong(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;College of Textile and Clothing,Yantai Nanshan University,Yantai 265713,Shandong,China)
出处
《材料工程》
北大核心
2026年第3期1-24,共24页
Journal of Materials Engineering
基金
天津市科技计划项目(23KPXMRC00050)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022ME095)
2023年南山控股科研项目(2023-5-3)。
关键词
导电水凝胶
抗溶胀性
柔性传感器
可植入电子设备
conductive hydrogel
anti-swelling
flexible sensor
implantable electronic device
