摘要
目的综合评价新疆不同地区核桃营养价值。方法采用全自动氨基酸分析仪,在波长570 nm和440 nm处采用茚三酮柱后衍生离子交换色谱法测定,并通过与联合国粮食及农业组织/世界卫生组织(United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization,FAO/WHO)氨基酸模式谱和理想蛋白质标准比较,计算必需氨基酸比值(ratio of essential amino acid,RAA)、必需氨基酸比值系数(ratio of essential amino acid,RC),对核桃仁中的氨基酸含量进行了营养价值评价。结果新疆3个区域不同地方的44个核桃样品果肉中均含有17种氨基酸,其中谷氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸含量较高,必需氨基酸占比0.32。不同区域核桃氨基酸组成差异较大,喀什地区的核桃中氨基酸比例优于其他地区。通过FAO/WHO氨基酸模式谱比较分析,赖氨酸为主要限制性氨基酸。扎343品种核桃中氨基酸比值系数分(score of ratio coefficient,SRC)值最高,第一限制氨基酸缺陷程度最轻,其赖氨酸RC值(化学评分)为0.761;氨基酸供需平衡性最优,该品种无极端过剩氨基酸,其中苯丙氨酸与酪氨酸的RC值合计为1.406。结论综合氨基酸评价指标得出新疆喀什地区的扎343核桃综合营养品质更优。本研究为核桃的营养成分分析和加工利用提供了科学依据,并为提升新疆核桃的市场价值和推广应用提供了理论支持。
Objective To comprehensively evaluate the nutritional value of Juglans regia L.in different regions of Xinjiang.Methods Using a fully automatic amino acid analyzer,the ninhydrin post-column derivatization ion-exchange chromatography method was employed at wavelengths of 570 nm and 440 nm.By comparing with the amino acid pattern spectra of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization(FAO/WHO)and the ideal protein standards,the ratios of essential amino acids(RAA)and the ratio coefficients of essential amino acids(RC)were calculated.The nutritional value of amino acid content in Juglans regia L.kernels was evaluated.Results The 44 Juglans regia L.samples from different locations in 3 regions of Xinjiang all contained 17 kinds of amino acids,among which glutamic acid,lysine and arginine had relatively high content,and the proportion of essential amino acids was 0.32.The amino acid composition of Juglans regia L.from different regions varied greatly,and the amino acid ratio of walnuts from Kashgar region was better than that of other regions.Through the comparison and analysis of the FAO/WHO amino acid pattern spectrum,lysine and threonine were the main limiting amino acids.The score of ratio coefficient(SRC)value of the Zha 343 variety Juglans regia L.was the highest,and the defect degree of the first limiting amino acid was the lightest.Its RC value(chemical score)of lysine was 0.761.The amino acid supply and demand balance was the best,and there was no extremely excessive amino acid in this variety.The total RC value of phenylalanine and tyrosine was 1.406.Conclusion Based on the comprehensive amino acid evaluation indicators,the comprehensive nutritional quality of Zha 343 Juglans regia L.in Kashgar,Xinjiang is superior.This study provides a scientific basis for the analysis of nutritional components and processing utilization of Juglans regia L.,and offers theoretical support for enhancing the market value of Xinjiang Juglans regia L.and promoting their application.
作者
孙涛
刘敏
张慧敏
郑伟华
王贤
周晓龙
车会莲
SUN Tao;LIU Min;ZHANG Hui-Min;ZHENG Wei-Hua;WANG Xian;ZHOU Xiao-Long;CHE Hui-Lian(Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang,Institute of Quality Standards&Testing Technology for Agro-products,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2026年第4期69-78,共10页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
新疆科技特派员项目(2024KY029)
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2022B03006)。
关键词
核桃
氨基酸含量
营养价值评价
区域差异
Juglans regia L.
amino acid content
nutritional value evaluation
regional differences
