摘要
随着能源转型加速和地缘政治竞争的加剧,美国加紧对关键矿产供应链重新布局,并在盟友间引发了显著的政策共振。通过基于政策过程的跨国政策扩散机制构建,以及对美国关键矿产供应链政策在日本、欧盟、加拿大、澳大利亚的扩散机制的比较,研究发现,政策扩散呈现显著的机制分化,扩散结果也形成系统性的“趋同—异化”谱系。日本以理性学习为主导,催生工具性异化;欧盟由竞争驱动,形成防御性对标;加拿大以策略性模仿为主,高效复制政策模板;澳大利亚由社会学习主导,导致选择性趋同。结论表明,霸权国政策的跨国扩散是一个被国内政治过滤的复杂政治过程,理解其内在的差异化逻辑,对于研判全球关键矿产供应链的重构动向具有至关重要的政策意义。
Amidst the accelerating energy transition and intensifying geopolitical competition,the United States has been actively restructuring its critical mineral supply chains,triggering significant policy resonance among its allies.By developing a cross-national analytical framework grounded in the policy process and conducting a comparative analysis of how US critical mineral supply chain policies diffuse across Japan,the European Union,Canada,and Australia,this study identifies pronounced divergences in policy diffusion mechanisms,which in turn give rise to a systematic"convergence-divergence"spectrum in policy outcomes.Japan,driven primarily by rational learning,exhibits instrumental divergence;the European Union,motivated by geopolitical competition,adopts defensive benchmarking;Canada focuses on strategic imitation,efficiently replicating policy templates;while Australia is guided by social learning,resulting in selective convergence.The findings suggest that the transnational diffusion of a hegemon's policies is a complex political process mediated by domestic politics.Understanding the underlying differentiated logic is crucial for assessing the evolving reconstruction of global critical mineral supply chains.
作者
李明月
LI Mingyue(Department of Political Science,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,430073)
出处
《国际安全研究》
北大核心
2026年第2期72-96,168,169,共27页
Journal of International Security Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“美欧能源安全合作新态势与中国的应对策略”(项目编号:23CGJ029)的阶段性成果。
关键词
关键矿产供应链安全
政策过程
政策扩散
供应链联盟战略
critical mineral supply chain security
policy process
policy diffusion
supply chain alliance strategy
