摘要
本文基于黔东南415个村落地名,从宏观区域和微观地理环境2个层面分析文化景观特征。研究发现:1)传统村落文化景观演变在元以前呈随机分布;元代在黎平、从江等东南部出现集聚趋势;明代在雷山、台江中部及黎平、从江南部形成聚集区;清代沿清水江、都柳江流域聚集密度增加;民国时期分布零散,增长微弱。2)选址演进顺序为山腰—山脚—水畔—盆地/山顶—山腰,偏好依次为:山腰>山脚>水畔>盆地>山顶。3)自然地理环境是村落形成的基础;历代军事行动、移民政策与贸易往来导致人口规模、民族构成与分布变化,推动村落地名的形成与稳定;不同民族的传统文化及其社会地位决定了其在微观环境中的生态占位。
Based on the 415 villages names in Qiandongnan,the cultural landscape features were analyzed from both macro-regional and micro-geographical environment perspectives.The research findings are as follows:1)The evolution of traditional village cultural landscapes was randomly distributed before the Yuan Dynasty;in the Yuan Dynasty,an aggregation trend emerged in the southeastern areas such as Liping and Congjiang;in the Ming Dynasty,aggregation areas were formed in the central part of Leishan and Taijiang,as well as the southern part of Liping and Congjiang;in the Qing Dynasty,the aggregation density along the Qingshui River and Du'liu River basins increased;during the Republic of China period,the distribution was scattered and the growth was weak.2)The sequence of site selection evolution was mountain waist-mountain foot-riverside-basin/summitmountain waist,with the preferences in order being:mountain waist>mountain foot>riverside>basin>summit.3)The natural geographical environment is the foundation for the formation of villages;military actions,immigration policies,and trade exchanges throughout history have led to changes in population size,ethnic composition,and distribution,promoting the formation and stability of village names;the traditional cultures and social status of different ethnic groups determine their ecological positions in the micro-environment.
作者
陈洪梅
刘应进
李婧
周克丽
张含璐
CHEN Hongmei;LIU Yingjin;LI Jing;ZHOU Keli;ZHANG Hanlu
出处
《小城镇建设》
2026年第3期93-101,共9页
DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金“苗疆走廊传统聚落文化景观互融规律与演化机制研究”(编号:52408022)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(C类)“基于民族对比视野的苗疆走廊传统聚落秩序空间及其分异机制研究”(编号:52508011)
云南省科技厅基础研究计划面上项目“基于文化地理学的云南汉民系传统聚落文化景观特征及其演进机制研究”(编号:202301AT070381)。
关键词
传统村落
地名演变
文化景观
自然环境
民族多样性
黔东南
traditional village
name evolution
landscape characteristic
natural environment
ethnic diversity
Qiandongnan
