摘要
目的了解某三甲综合医院不同岗位工作人员职业暴露情况,为医院各岗位职业暴露防护提供对策。方法采用回顾性调查,通过医院院感系统收集2020—2024年湖南省人民医院(晓庄学院附属第一医院)的职业暴露上报数据,分析职业暴露发生的岗位、性别、年龄、工龄、暴露场所、暴露方式、暴露源、关联操作、暴露后处理等情况。结果2020—2024年医院累计发生职业暴露669起。护士群体职业暴露发生率位居首位,其次是实习生;高发于女性群体;工龄<2年占比最高;暴露地点集中在病房;暴露源以乙肝(37.37%)居多;暴露方式主要为针刺伤或锐器割伤(83.26%)为主;关联操作主要以处理用物(31.39%)、穿刺/注射(19.28%)、手术(17.19%)为主;85.05%的医务人员在发生职业暴露后能有效处理。结论医疗机构需依据自身实际状况,加强对重点人群及高危因素进行有针对性的监测与管控,通过推行切实可行的举措,加强职业暴露相关岗前培训、定期培训、案例教育、规范操作等提升医务人员对职业暴露的防护意识,进而减少职业暴露事件的发生。
Objective To gain insights into the occupational exposure status of healthcare workers in different positions within a tertiary general hospital,and to formulate corresponding strategies for occupational exposure prevention across various positions in the hospital.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to collect the reported data of occupational exposure in Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University)from 2020 to 2024 through the hospital infection system,and to analyze the post,gender,age,length of service,exposure site,exposure mode,exposure source,related operation and post-exposure treatment of occupational exposure.Results From 2020 to 2024,a total of 669 cases of occupational exposures occurred in hospitals.The incidence of occupational exposure among nurses was the highest,followed by interns;high incidence in female groups;the proportion of working age<2 years is the highest;the exposure sites were concentrated in the ward;the exposure source was mainly hepatitis B(37.37%);the main exposure methods were needle stick injury or sharp instrument cut injury(83.26%);the related operations were mainly treatment materials(31.39%),puncture/injection(19.28%)and surgery(17.19%);85.05%of the medical staff were exposed to occupational exposure.Conclusion Medical institutions need to strengthen the targeted monitoring and control of key groups and high-risk factors according to their own actual conditions.Through the implementation of practical measures,strengthen pre-job training,regular training,case education,and standardized operation related to occupational exposure to improve the protection awareness of medical staff on occupational exposure,thereby reducing the occurrence of occupational exposure events.
作者
何雅媛
颜小利
HE Yayuan;YAN Xiaoli(Department of Public Health,Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University),Changsha 410000,Hunan,China)
出处
《中国卫生产业》
2025年第24期210-213,共4页
China Health Industry
关键词
职业暴露
医务人员
医院管理
Occupational exposure
Medical staff
Hospital management
