摘要
本试验旨在探究发酵底物中添加不同水平裂壶藻粉对阿尔巴斯白绒山羊体外瘤胃发酵特性和脂肪酸(FA)组成的影响。选择阿尔巴斯白绒山羊羯羊作为瘤胃液供体进行体外瘤胃发酵试验,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,根据发酵底物中裂壶藻粉的添加水平将试验分为对照组(无添加,CON组)、0.5%添加组(SCM1组)、1.0%添加组(SCM2组)、1.5%添加组(SCM3组)和2.0%添加组(SCM4组)5个组,每组设8个重复,每重复1个发酵瓶,体外培养24 h后测定各项指标。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,SCM3组和SCM4组体外瘤胃发酵液pH和氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)浓度显著降低(P<0.05),菌体蛋白(BCP)浓度显著升高(P<0.05);SCM4组原虫数量显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,SCM3组和SCM4组体外瘤胃发酵液中乙丙比显著降低(P<0.05),丙酸、异丁酸、异戊酸和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,SCM2组、SCM3组和SCM4组C20:3n3、C20:5n3、C22:6n3(DHA)、不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)浓度和不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸(U/S)显著升高(P<0.05),C16:0浓度和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA)显著降低(P<0.05);SCM3组和SCM4组C18:3n3浓度显著升高(P<0.05),C18:0和C24:0浓度显著降低(P<0.05);SCM4组C18:2n6c、C18:3n6和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)浓度显著升高(P<0.05);SCM3组C18:1n9t和C18:1n9c浓度显著升高(P<0.05)。4)发酵底物中添加不同水平裂壶藻粉均能提高多项组合效应指数(MFAEI),尤以SCM3组值最高,其次依次为SCM4组、SCM2组、SCM1组和CON组。综上所述,发酵底物中添加1.5%~2.0%的裂壶藻粉可以促进绒山羊体外瘤胃发酵,优化体外瘤胃发酵液的FA组成,提高C18:3n3、C20:5n3和DHA等n-3 PUFA浓度,降低C16:0、C18:0等饱和脂肪酸(SFA)浓度和n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fermentation substrate supplemented with different levels of Schizochytrium powder on the in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and fatty acid(FA)composition in Albas white cashmere goats.Using rumen fluid from Albas white cashmere castrated male goats as donors,a single-factor completely randomized design was adopted.The experiment was divided into 5 groups based on the supplemental level of Schizochytrium powder in the fermentation substrate:control group(no addition,CON group),0.5%supplemental group(SCM1 group),1.0%supplemental group(SCM2 group),1.5%supplemental group(SCM3 group)and 2.0%supplemental group(SCM4 group).There were 8 replicates per group,with one fermentation bottle per replicate.Various parameters were measured after 24 h of in vitro incubation.The results showed that:1)compared with CON group,the SCM3 and SCM4 groups exhibited significantly lower pH and ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N)concentration(P<0.05)of rumen fermentation broth,while the bacterial crude protein(BCP)concentration was significantly increased(P<0.05).The protozoal number was significantly reduced in the SCM4 group(P<0.05).2)Compared with CON group,SCM3 and SCM4 groups showed a significantly decreased acetate-to-propionate ratio(P<0.05),and significantly increased concentrations of propionate,isobutyrate,isovalerate,and total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)(P<0.05).3)Compared with CON group,concentrations of C20∶3n-3,C20∶5n-3,C22∶6n-3(DHA),unsaturated fatty acids(UFA),monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)and UFA to saturated fatty acids(SFA)ratio(U/S)were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the C16∶0 concentration and the n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio(n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA)were significantly decreased(P<0.05)in SCM2,SCM3 and SCM4 groups compared to the CON group.Compared with CON group,the SCM3 and SCM4 groups had a significantly higher C18∶3n-3 concentration(P<0.05)and significantly lower C18∶0 and C24∶0 concentrations(P<0.05).Compared with CON group,the SCM4 group demonstrated significantly increased concentrations of C18∶2n-6 c,C18∶3n-6 and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)(P<0.05).Compared with CON group,the concentrations of C18∶1n-9 t and C18∶1n-9 c were significantly elevated in SCM3 group(P<0.05).4)The fermentation substrate supplemented with different levels of Schizochytrium powder improved the multiple-factors associative effects index(MFAEI),with the highest value observed in SCM3 group,followed by SCM4,SCM2,SCM1 and CON groups.In conclusion,supplemented with 1.5%to 2.0%Schizochytrium powder in the fermentation substrate can enhance in vitro rumen fermentation,optimize the FA composition in vitro of rumen fermentation broth,increase the concentrations of n-3 PUFAs such as C18∶3n-3,C20∶5n-3 and DHA,and reduce the concentrations of SFAs like C16∶0 and C18∶0,as well as n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA.
作者
刘锦涛
玛克塔拉
陈玉亮
赵雨薇
赵艳丽
郭晓宇
郭咏梅
张清月
闫素梅
LIU Jintao;MAKETALA;CHEN Yuliang;ZHAO Yuwei;ZHAO Yanli;GUO Xiaoyu;GUO Yongmei;ZHANG Qingyue;YAN Sumei(Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期1459-1468,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2024ZD16)
内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务(BR251030)。
关键词
裂壶藻粉
绒山羊
体外瘤胃发酵
脂肪酸
Schizochytrium powder
cashmere goat
in vitro rumen fermentation
fatty acids
