摘要
本试验旨在研究棉籽粕协同包被尿素对育成期荷斯坦公牛生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标及血清代谢物的影响。选取24头5.5月龄、体重[(180±5)kg]相近的健康荷斯坦公牛,随机分为2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复4头牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组使用棉籽粕和包被尿素替代基础饲粮中约7%的豆粕。预试期14 d,正试期180 d。结果表明:1)在整个试验期内,2组之间体重、平均日增重、平均干物质采食量和料重比(F/G)无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验组的粗蛋白质(CP)、干物质(DM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)试验组的8月龄时血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),10月龄时血清生长激素(GH)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),10月龄时血清尿素氮(UN)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),12月龄时血清二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性和D-乳酸(D-LA)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)2组之间共筛选出112个差异表达代谢物(DEMs),主要富集在精氨酸生物合成、辅因子生物合成、氨基酸生物合成、糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚定生物合成等代谢通路中,其中L-蛋氨酸、N-乙酰-L-谷氨酸和吡哆醛磷酸为影响育成期荷斯坦公牛生长发育的关键代谢物。综上所述,棉籽粕协同包被尿素替代基础饲粮中约7%的豆粕不会对育成期荷斯坦公牛生长性能产生负面影响,并能够调节血清DEMs相关通路,改善机体代谢状况。
This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of cottonseed meal combined with coated urea on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices and serum metabolites of Holstein bulls during growing period.Twenty-four healthy 5.5-month-old Holstein bulls with similar initial body weight[(180±5)kg]were randomly allocated to 2 groups with 3 replicates per group and 4 bulls per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the experimental group was used cottonseed meal and coated urea replacing about 7%soybean meal in the basal diet.The pre-experimental period lasted for 14 days,and the experimental period lasted for 180 days.The results showed as follows:1)during whole experimental period,there were no significant differences in body weight(BW),average daily gain(ADG),average dry matter intake(ADMI)and feed to gain ratio(F/G)between 2 groups(P>0.05).The apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP),dry matter(DM)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).2)The serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity at 8 months of age of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the serum growth hormone(GH)and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)contents at 10 months of age were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),the serum urea nitrogen(UN)content at 10 months of age was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the serum diamine oxidase(DAO)activity and D-lactic acid(D-LA)content were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).3)A total of 112 differentially expressed metabolites(DEMs)were identified between 2 groups,mainly enriched in metabolic pathways such as arginine biosynthesis,cofactor biosynthesis,amino acid biosynthesis and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis,and the L-methionine,N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid and pyridoxal phosphate were key metabolites which affecting the growth and development of Holstein bulls during growing period.In conclusion,replacing 7%soybean meal in the basal diet with cottonseed meal combined with coated urea has no negative effect on growth performance of Holstein bulls during growing period,can regulate the serum DEMs related pathways,and improve the body metabolic status.
作者
杨栋
李晓成
王德志
安彦昊
李梦吉
曹佩佩
宋忠慧
马敏
董佳楠
马燕芬
YANG Dong;LI Xiaocheng;WANG Dezhi;AN Yanhao;LI Mengji;CAO Peipei;SONG Zhonghui;MA Min;DONG Jianan;MA Yanfen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Borui Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750001,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期1188-1200,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
宁夏重点研发计划项目(2023BCF01034)
宁夏反刍动物营养科技创新团队(2024CXTD008)。
关键词
荷斯坦公牛
棉籽粕
包被尿素
生长性能
代谢
Holstein bulls
cottonseed meal
coated urea
growth performance
metabolism
