摘要
文章以中国瞪羚企业为研究对象,采用全局和局部空间自相关以及冷热点分析,探索了各省域瞪羚企业数量的空间分布及演变特征,并基于创业生态系统运用地理探测器解析了其空间分异影响机制。结果表明:①瞪羚企业数量变化经历了双创战略推动下的数量分散爆发增长、多样化因素导致的普遍性死亡和要素资源吸引驱动的再集中3个演化阶段,这塑造了中国瞪羚企业分布的基本空间格局。②瞪羚企业数量分布的省域差异明显,呈现出以湖北和广东为热点的东高西低趋势,沿海区域的数量优势显著,少数省域的瞪羚企业数量逐渐减少,大部分地区的瞪羚企业数量以西北低—东南高的特征呈现增长。③金融和新知识是影响瞪羚企业数量空间分异的显著单一要素,创业生态系统要素间的交互作用特征突出。中国瞪羚企业的孕育发展受金融、新知识、领导力、创业文化和网络等要素的交互作用影响显著。④总体来看,中国瞪羚企业已具备基本的空间格局,此格局的空间不平衡特征较为突出,未来需充分发挥湖北和广东的辐射带动作用,以上述主要影响因素为抓手,优化较弱地区的创业生态系统环境,推动本土企业快速成长或吸引优秀外来企业落户。
Taking Chinese gazelle enterprises as the research object and employing the methods of spatial autocorrelation analysis,hotspot analysis and geographic detector,this study investigates the spatial distribution and evolution of the number of gazelle enterprises at the provincial level,and analyzes the influencing mechanism of the spatial differentiation of gazelle enterprises on the basis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem framework.The findings are as follows:1)The development of gazelle enterprises in China has progressed through three distinct stages.The first stage was explosive growth in dispersed regions,driven by the mass entrepreneurship and innovation strategy.The second stage was a widespread decline due to various factors.The third stage was a reconcentration of gazelle enterprises,shaped by the attraction of factor resources.These stages defined the fundamental distribution pattern of gazelle enterprises in China.2)Gazelle enterprises exhibited significant provincial and regional disparities.It showed a trend which was high-value areas in the east of China and low-value areas in the west of China,with a significant advantage in the coastal areas.Hubei and Guangdong were as prominent hotspots.Although the number of gazelle enterprises declined in a few provincial-level regions,most regions have experienced growth,characterized by low-value areas in the northwest of China and high-value areas in the southeast of China.3)Finance and new knowledge are crucial factors influencing the spatial distribution of gazelle enterprises.The entrepreneurial ecosystem elements interact significantly.The growth of gazelle enterprises in China primarily depends on the interactions among factors of finance,new knowledge,leadership,entrepreneurship culture,and networks.4)Gazelle enterprises in China exhibit an emerging spatial pattern marked by significant imbalances.In the future,it is necessary to fully leverage the radiative and driving roles of Hubei and Guangdong.Based on the above,it should improve the entrepreneurial ecosystem environment in less developed regions,so as to promote the rapid growth of local enterprises or attract outstanding foreign enterprises to settle down.
作者
郭颖
张彬
张李义
GUO Ying;ZHANG Bin;ZHANG Liyi(Library,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China;School of Public Administration,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;School of Information Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)
出处
《经济地理》
北大核心
2025年第12期115-123,共9页
Economic Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42401309)。
关键词
瞪羚企业
创业生态系统
大众创业万众创新
金融
新知识
中国
gazelle enterprise
entrepreneurial ecosystem
mass entrepreneurship and innovation
finance
new knowledge
China
