摘要
在少子化、老龄化的趋势下,我国约有45%的老年人参与孙辈的隔代照料,这有利于提高子女的就业率,提升社会的劳动生产率并缓解劳动力短缺压力,进而从供给侧促进经济增长,形成老年人口影子红利。利用2023年中国老年社会追踪调查数据、第七次全国人口普查数据等,可以对隔代照料的经济价值展开实证分析。隔代照料对子女就业率具有显著正向影响,与独自照料子女的年轻人相比,有老年人协助照料子女的年轻人就业率明显更高。当前,人口老龄化给经济社会发展带来的沉重负担引发广泛担忧,从隔代照料视角揭示老年人口的影子红利具有重要现实意义。需要注意的是,隔代照料应以老年人福利为先,充分尊重其身体条件和主观意愿,老年人隔代照料的配套服务及保障应纳入“一老一小”和相关家庭支持政策中。
In the context of low fertility and an aging population,approximately 45%of older adults in China participate in grandparenting.This support enhances adult children’s employment rates,improves labor productivity,alleviates labor shortages,and promotes economic growth from the supply side-collectively forming a“shadow dividend”contributed by the elderly.Using data from the 2023 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS),this study empirically examines the economic value of grandparenting.Results show that grandparenting significantly boosts adult children’s employment rates.Compared to young adults caring for children alone,those supported by grandparents show a higher employment rate.While concerns persist regarding the socioeconomic burdens of aging,this study highlights the“shadow dividend”generated through grandparenting.It also emphasizes the need to respect older adults’physical conditions and personal preferences,and suggests integrating support services for grandparenting into holistic“elderly and child”care policies.
出处
《社会建设》
2026年第1期194-212,共19页
Social Construction
关键词
老年人
隔代照料
影子红利
older adults
grandparenting
shadow dividend
