摘要
为解决当前光致变色纺织品存在的环保和高耗能的问题,并提高光致变色纺织品功能化,在开发兼顾环保、低能耗与光致变色功能的纺织品基材,以适配军民两用场景需求的条件下,合成了具有不同变色效应的光致变色微胶囊(PCMs),利用具有生态环保性的聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)和聚乳酸(PLA)材料作为纺丝基材,将微胶囊加入到PHA/PLA纺丝液中物理共混,通过微流控湿法纺丝技术制备了功能化光致变色纤维。结果表明:通过优化纺丝参数,PHA和PLA质量分数分别为2%和14%时,制备得到的PHA/PLA纤维断裂强度可达50.68 MPa,断裂伸长率为97.42%;添加微胶囊后纤维的力学性能会受到一定程度的影响,但是仅需添加1%的微胶囊,纤维即可表现出明显光致变色性能。通过环保基材与低能耗纺丝技术的结合,成功制备出兼具优异力学性能与光致变色功能的纤维,既满足了军民两用领域对纺织品颜色调节的需求,又响应了环保与低能耗的行业发展要求,为光致变色纺织品的产业化应用提供了可行路径。
Objective Photochromic textiles demonstrate changes in color under the irradiation of a specific wavelength of light,that is,through the change of optical conditions in the environment to achieve a reversible change in color.In the situation where there is light or other bands of light irradiation,photochromic textiles can restore the original color.This novel textile meets people′s needs for color personalization,uniqueness and other aspects,and how to make textiles both functional and environmentally friendly has always been the goal of researchers.Method Three photochromic microcapsules with different chromic effects were synthesized by in situ polymerization,which were added to the spinning solution of polyhydroxyalkanoate/polylactic acid(PHA/PLA).PHA/PLA fibers with photochromic function were obtained by microfluidic spinning technique.The influences of PLA concentration and the addition of microcapsules on fiber mechanical properties were investigated.Through the color mixing and color matching of the microcapsules,the fibers obtained more color-changing effect.Results With spiroxazine as the core material and melamine formaldehyde as the wall material,the photochromic microcapsules that can change from white to blue under a specific wavelength light irradiation were synthesized by in situ polymerization method.Under the conditions that PVA concentration was 0.2%,the core wall volume ratio was 1∶1,and SDS concentration was 0.5%,the synthetic photochromic microcapsules demponstrated the best morphology and color change effect,and the average particle size was smaller.In addition,by replacing the photochromic compounds of the core material,the photochromic materials naphthopyran were used as the core materials,and the other two photochromic microcapsules with different color change effects(from white to yellow and from white to purple)were synthesized,which also showed good color change effect.Spinning was conducted by varying the PLA concentration(10%,12%,14%,and 16%).The results showed that the tensile strength of the PHA/PLA fibers was 50.68 MPa at the PLA concentration of 14%.In order to further improve the mechanical properties of the fibers,the fibers were collected on the plastic spool,and soaked in absolute ethanol for 24 h,and the mechanical properties of the treated fiber were significantly improved.With 14%PLA the concentration,the tensile strength of PHA/PLA fiber reached 66.10 MPa,a 30.4%increase compared with the untreated fiber,and the tensile elongation was also significantly increased.When the mass fraction of microcapsules was only 0.5%,the tensile strength of the fiber is 43.91 MPa,which is approximately 33.6%lower than that of the PHA/PLA fiber without microcapsules,and the tensile elongation is reduced by 56.46%.When the mass fraction of microcapsules reached 2%,the tensile strength of the fiber is only 20.65 MPa,and the tensile elongation is merely 11.14%.Conclusion Three photochromic microcapsules with different color change effects were synthesized by in situ polymerization,using melamine-formaldehyde resin as the wall material and the photochromic compounds spirooxazine,naphthopyran,and spiropyran as the core materials,respectively.These microcapsules were then added to the PHA/PLA spinning solution,and photochromic PHA/PLA fibers were successfully prepared by microfluidic spinning.When the concentrations of PLA and PHA were 14%and 2%,respectively,the tensile strength of PHA/PLA fibers was 50.68 MPa.In addition,the mechanical properties of the PHA/PLA fibers were significantly improved after soaking in ethanol,and the tensile strength reached 66.10 MPa.The mechanical properties characterization found that once the microcapsule is added,the mechanical properties of the fibers will decrease significantly.
作者
陈克林
李卓
王晓歌
李成晋
胡建臣
张克勤
CHEN Kelin;LI Zhuo;WANG Xiaoge;LI Chengjin;HU Jianchen;ZHANG Keqin(College of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215021,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215123,China)
出处
《纺织学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期46-53,共8页
Journal of Textile Research
