摘要
为探究单柱式吸能支架在动态冲击载荷下与巷道围岩的协同响应机制,采用ABAQUS数值模拟方法,通过分析巷道围岩应力、围岩变形、围岩塑性应变和支架变形等力学参数,研究吸能巷道支架在竖向、横向冲击下的动力响应特性。研究结果表明,在竖向冲击下,随着冲击能量的增加,巷道围岩应力、顶板下沉量、底鼓量、横向收缩量等指标均呈上升趋势,极易引发底板鼓起、侧帮变形及支柱钻底等破坏现象。与单体立柱支护相比,吸能巷道支架支护时围岩应力峰值接近,但应力集中区域缩小,顶板下沉量、底鼓量及横向收缩量均有不同程度降低,且支架与巷道在横、竖向位移上呈现协同效应,巷道围岩塑性变形呈“A”分布,主要集中巷道侧帮与巷道顶板连接处及侧帮部位。在横向冲击下,单体立柱向左偏移,发生侧向弯曲变形,导致承载能力大幅衰减。吸能支架支护能有效限制巷道横向位移,对顶底板错动及侧帮挤压有显著约束作用,吸能巷道支架的侧向支撑与吸能防冲器的协同作用显著改善单体立柱的偏载。研究结果为动载作用下巷道围岩控制提供参考。
To investigate the synergistic response mechanism between single-column energy-absorbing supports and the surrounding rock of tunnels under dynamic impact loads,ABAQUS numerical simulation was employed.By analyzing mechanical parameters such as surrounding rock stress,deformation,plastic strain,and support deformation,this study examines the dynamic response characteristics of energy-absorbing tunnel supports under both vertical and lateral impacts.The results indicate that under vertical impact,as impact energy increases,indicators such as tunnel rock stress,roof settlement,floor heave,and lateral contraction all exhibit an upward trend.This increase readily triggers destructive phenomena including floor heave,sidewall deformation,and pillar drilling through the base.Compared to single-pillar support,energy-absorbing roadway supports exhibit similar peak rock mass stresses but reduced stress concentration zones.Roof settlement,floor heave,and lateral contraction all decrease to varying degrees.Additionally,the supports and roadway demonstrate synergistic effects in both lateral and vertical displacement.The plastic deformation of the tunnel rock mass follows an“A”distribution,primarily concentrated at the junction between the tunnel sidewall and roof,as well as within the sidewall itself.Under lateral impact,individual pillars shift leftward,undergoing lateral bending deformation that significantly reduces their load-bearing capacity.The energy-absorbing support effectively restricts lateral tunnel displacement,significantly constraining roof-floor displacement and sidewall compression.The synergistic interaction between the lateral support of the energy-absorbing tunnel support and the energy-absorbing impact absorber markedly improves the uneven loading issue of individual pillars.These findings provide a reference for controlling the tunnel rock mass under dynamic loading conditions.
作者
唐治
程诗阳
TANG Zhi;CHENG Shiyang(School of Mechanics and Engineering,Liaoning Technology University,Fuxin 123000,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Mine Major Disaster Prevention and Environmental Restoration,Fuxin 123000,China)
出处
《华北科技学院学报》
2026年第1期154-163,共10页
Journal of North China Institute of Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52474224)
辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LJ212410147001)。
关键词
单柱式
巷道支架
动载
巷道围岩
single-column type
roadway support
dynamic load
roadway surrounding rock
