摘要
清代中叶人口的增长与流动,冲击了清政府原有的相对静态的省界治理模式。面对日益加重的省界治理危机,乾隆帝于乾隆初年突破传统,在部分山林省界试行跨省之间动态的军事会哨机制,以相邻省份兵丁常川巡查、约期会哨的方式,强化了清政府的防卫力量。之后,随着伪稿案、马朝柱案和何亚四案的相继爆发,乾隆帝又在乾隆十八年将这一机制推广至全国的山林省界。军事会哨机制此后逐渐成为清政府应对地方省界治安问题的主要手段。嘉庆朝将此制在川楚陕交界的老林地区推行,而道光朝则进一步在平原省界建立了军事会哨机制。这一机制的建立与调适,起到了稳定清政府统治的作用,也反映了清代国家权力向“内地边缘”渗透的过程。
The population growth and mobility in the mid-Qing Dynasty challenged the relatively static governance model along provincial boundaries.In response to the escalating crisis in provincial boundary governance,Emperor Qianlong broke in the early years of his reign with traditional practice by implementing a dynamic military joint patrol mechanism in certain mountainous provincial border areas.This system involved regular patrols and scheduled joint inspections by soldiers from neighboring provinces,thereby strengthening the Qing government's defensive capabilities.Subsequently,following the occurrences of the Forged Memorial Case,the Ma Chaozhu Case,and the He Yasi case,Emperor Qianlong expanded this mechanism nationwide to all mountainous provincial boundaries in the 18th year of his reign.The military joint patrol system gradually became a primary means for the central government to address local security issues along provincial boundaries.During the Jiaqing reign,this system was implemented in the forested regions at the junctions of Sichuan,Hubei,and Shaanxi provinces,and during the Daoguang reign,it was further extended to the plains of the central provinces.The establishment and adaptation of this mechanism not only played a significant role in stabilizing Qing rule,but also reflected the process of state power penetration into the“interior frontiers”during the Qing Dynasty.
作者
王文箫
Wang Wenxiao(School of Law,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387)
出处
《军事历史研究》
2025年第3期66-79,共14页
Military History Research
关键词
清代
军事会哨
省界
内地边缘
the Qing Dynasty
military joint patrol
provincial boundary
interior frontiers
