摘要
为了明确四川省雅安市连片茶园土壤养分状况及茶园土壤肥力质量,在雅安市5个区县连片代表性茶园的75个样点采集土壤样品,对土壤p H、有机质等9个指标进行检测,分析雅安连片茶园土壤养分状况并计算各个样点土壤肥力综合指数,对雅安茶园土壤肥力质量进行综合评价。结果表明,雅安连片茶园土壤p H在各区县平均值为4.0~4.9,近30%的样点茶园土壤pH<4.0,其中名山区有50%的茶园土壤pH<4.0。雅安茶园土壤的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的平均含量均处于I级优质标准;土壤阳离子交换量平均值为12.82 cmol/kg,达到Ⅲ类标准;芦山县全磷(0.34 g/kg)和有效磷(4.23 mg/kg)平均含量偏低,达到Ⅲ类标准。雅安土壤肥力指数(IFI)平均值为0.65,有44%的茶园处于I级标准,排序为荥经县(0.71)>雨城区(0.67)>名山区(0.66)>天全县(0.62)>芦山县(0.46);芦山县IFI平均值达到Ⅳ类水平。土壤阳离子交换量是雅安连片茶园土壤的主要障碍因子。综上所述,雅安连片茶园土壤整体养分状况良好,但芦山县茶园土壤肥力水平较低。针对名山区茶园土壤酸化风险,芦山县茶园磷含量较低等问题,建议不同区县实施分区精准改良措施,以恢复和提升雅安茶园土壤肥力质量,促进茶产业可持续发展。
The research aimed to clarify the soil nutrient status and soil fertility of contiguous tea gardens in Ya’an City,Sichuan province.A total of 75 soil samples were collected from representative tea gardens across five districts in Ya’an.Nine soil indicators were analyzed to evaluate the nutrient status,and the Integrated Fertility Index(IFI)was calculated to comprehensively assess the soil fertility quality of Ya’an tea gardens.The results indicated that the soil pH of tea gardens in Ya’an ranged between 4.0-4.9 at county average level,with 30%of the sampled sites were lower than 4.0,with 50%of the tea plantations in Mingshan featured a soil pH below 4.0.The average contents of soil organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total potassium(TK),alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK)in Ya’an tea garden all met the Grade I(optimal)standard.However,the average soil cation exchange capacity was 12.82 cmol/kg,meeting the ClassⅢstandard.In Lushan,the mean values of TP(0.34 g/kg),and AP(4.23 mg/kg)were relatively low,reaching only the ClassⅢstandard.The average IFI of Ya’an tea soils was 0.65,with 44%of the tea garden reaching Grade I.The ranking was as follows:Yingjing(0.71)>Yucheng(0.67)>Mingshan(0.66)>Tianquan(0.62)>Lushan(0.46),with the average IFI value of Lushan reaching only Class IV level.The primary limiting factors were soil cation exchange canacity.The integrated soil nutrient assessment indicated that the contiguous tea plantation soils in Ya’an exhibited satisfactory fertility conditions,whereas the soil fertility in Lushan county’s tea gardens remained suboptimal.The tea garden soils in Mingshan suffered from severe acidification,whereas those in Lushan county exhibited phosphorus deficiency.To restore and enhance soil quality in Ya’an’s tea-growing regions,it was recommended to implement spatially tailored remediation strategies based on localized soil conditions.Such precision management approaches could contribute to the sustainable development of the tea industry.
作者
黄颖博
龚雪蛟
王迎春
黄藩
敬媛
陈博文
李兰英
尧渝
龚一耘
HUANG Ying-bo;GONG Xue-jiao;WANG Ying-chun;HUANG Fan;JING Yuan;CHEN Bo-wen;LI Lan-ying;YAO Yu;GONG Yi-yun(Tea Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610066;Ya'an Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Soil Quality,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Ya'an Sichuan 625100;Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610066)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
北大核心
2026年第1期44-53,共10页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
四川省自然科学基金项目(2024NSFSC0403)
雅安市创建国家现代农业产业科技创新中心“揭榜挂帅”项目(KCZX2023-2025-21)。
关键词
茶园土壤
土壤养分
土壤肥力综合指数
tea garden soil
soil nutrient
soil integrated fertility index
