摘要
在全球气候变化和水体富营养化加剧的背景下,蓝藻等微生物产生的次级代谢物土臭素(GSM)和2-甲基异莰醇(2-MIB)因其极低的气味阈值(ng/L级)已成为饮用水安全和生态系统健康的重要威胁因子.综述近年来关于GSM和2-MIB的研究进展,包括其产生的相关的藻源及生物合成机制,温度、光照、氮磷比和pH等天然环境因子和消毒剂、微塑料等人为产生的污染物对其生物合成的调控影响;系统归纳嗅味物质样品前处理方法(如吹扫捕集、固相萃取、固相微萃取等)及检测技术(如GC-MS、LC-MS和新兴传感器技术)的优缺点及适用性;讨论新兴技术(如分子印迹聚合物传感器和表面增强拉曼散射传感器)在快速、高灵敏度检测中的应用潜力.建议未来研究聚焦GSM和2-MIB的合成调控机制,优化环境因子调控及高效便携化检测工具的开发,为水质风险预警体系的完善和水生态治理策略的优化提供理论依据和技术支撑.(图1表3参88)
Amid intensifying global climate change and the eutrophication of water bodies,geosmin(GSM)and 2-methylisoborneol(2-MIB),secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms such as cyanobacteria,have emerged as significant threats to drinking water safety and ecosystem health owing to their extremely low odor thresholds(at the ng/L level).In this paper,we review recent research on GSM and 2-MIB,including the relevant algae species and their biosynthetic mechanisms;natural environmental factors such as temperature,light intensity,nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio,and pH;and anthropogenic pollutants,including disinfectants and microplastics,which influence the biosynthesis of these odorants.The advantages,disadvantages,and applicability of common sample pretreatment methods(such as purge and capture,solid-phase extraction,and solid-phase microextraction)and detection techniques(such as GC-MS,LC-MS,and emerging sensor technologies)are systematically summarized.The potential of emerging technologies,including molecularly imprinted polymer sensors and surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensors,for rapid and high-sensitivity detection is also discussed.Future research should focus on elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying GSM and 2-MIB biosynthesis,optimizing environmental factor regulation,and developing efficient portable detection tools.Such efforts would provide theoretical and technical support for improving early warning systems for water quality and ecosystem management strategies.
作者
刘佳鑫
徐孟欣
苑芳惠
张晓寒
闫震
祝凡平
LIU Jiaxin;XU Mengxin;YUAN Fanghui;ZHANG Xiaohan;YAN Zhen;ZHU Fanping(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;Rizhao Municipal Government Affairs Service Center,Rizhao 276800,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期1987-1999,共13页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020QD134)资助。
