摘要
为探究枯草芽孢杆菌与哈茨木霉菌剂在基质栽培中对番茄生长、产量及青枯病的影响,以‘绿宝石’番茄为试材,采用基质拌菌法,在育苗和种植基质中分别添加枯草芽孢杆菌单剂(T1)、哈茨木霉菌单剂(T2)和二者的复合菌剂(T3),并以不添加菌剂为对照(CK),系统测定了种子萌发、幼苗生长、农艺性状、产量及青枯病发病率等指标。结果表明:在育苗阶段,T1处理的发芽率和发芽势均最高;T2处理对幼苗的促生效果最明显,其根长、株高、小叶数和全株鲜重均最高。在种植阶段,T1处理在促生、增产及防病上综合表现最优,其株高、茎粗和单株产量等均为最高;T2处理的促生和防病效果亦较好,但产量表现稍逊。此外,在整个试验期内,T3处理对番茄的生长和病害防治虽也起到了一定的促进作用,但效果不及单一菌剂处理。综上,在育苗基质中添加哈茨木霉菌的促生优势明显,在种植基质中添加枯草芽孢杆菌的增产效果最好,且二者均能显著降低青枯病的发病率。因此,建议在番茄生产中,于育苗阶段施用哈茨木霉菌剂以培育壮苗,定植后施用枯草芽孢杆菌剂以提升产量并防控青枯病。
This study aims to investigate the effect of additing Bacillus subtilis and/or Trichoderma harzianum agents to the substrate on the growth,yield,and bacterial wilt incidence of tomato plants.The tomato variety'Lyubaoshi'was planted in the substrates added with B.subtilis agent(T1),T.harzianum agent(T2),mixed microbial agent(T3),and no microbial agent(CK).The germination indicators,seedling growth traits,agronomic traits of mature plants,yield,and bacterial wilt incidence were systematically measured.The results showed that during the seedling cultivation stage,the germination rate and vigor of T1 were the highest,and T2 had the most significant effect of promoting seedling growth,with the highest root length,plant height,number of small leaves,and whole plant fresh weight.During the planting stage,T1 showed the best comprehensive performance in promoting growth,increasing yield,and preventing disease,with the highest plant height,stem diameter,and single plant yield.T2 also demonstrated good plant growthpromoting and disease-preventing effect,while its yield performance was slightly inferior.Although T3 exerted certain plant growthpromoting and disease-preventing effect throughout the entire experimental period,its performance was inferior to that of a single bacterial agent.To sum up,adding T.harzianum to the substrate had obvious advantages in growth-promoting,and adding B.subtilis to the substrate had the best yield-increasing effect.Both can significantly reduce the bacterial wilt incidence.Therefore,it was suggested that T.harzianum can be added during the seedling stage in tomato production to cultivate strong seedlings,and B.subtilis can be added after transplanting to increase the yield and prevent bacterial wilt.
作者
刘燕花
龙卫平
LIU Yan-hua;LONG Wei-ping(Guangzhou Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510830,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2026年第1期45-50,共6页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国热带农业科学院2025年基本科研业务费专项(1630012025902)。
关键词
番茄
微生物菌剂
番茄产量
青枯病
tomato
microbial agents
tomato yield
bacterial wilt
