摘要
为评估高温环境中灭火防护服对消防员热生理负荷的影响,本文通过人工气候室人体实验,12名男性受试者分别穿着基础服装与灭火防护服,在36℃、50%相对湿度条件下完成65 min含间歇运动的实验,同步采集核心温度、皮肤温度、心率、出汗量,并计算蓄热量与生理热应力指数(PSI)。结果显示:灭火防护服显著升高核心温度0.5℃、平均皮肤温度0.93℃及心率增速,出汗量达基础组的2.15倍;蓄热量差异无统计学意义,但PSI峰值显著高于基础组,且恢复30 min后仍未回落至初始水平。研究可知:灭火防护服通过阻碍散热、增加代谢产热,显著加剧热生理负荷,提升热疾病风险;建议救援作业中引入液体冷却等辅助散热措施,并合理限定连续作业时间以保障消防员安全。
In order to evaluate the effect of fire-fighting protective clothing on thermal physiological load of firefighters in high-temperature environments,in this paper,human experiments were conducted in an artificial climate chamber.Twelve male subjects wore basic clothing and firefighting protective clothing,respectively,and completed a 65-minute experiment involving intermittent exercise under conditions of 36℃and 50%relative humidity.Core temperature,skin temperature,heart rate,and sweat output rate were simultaneously collected,while heat storage and the Physiological Strain Index(PSI)were calculated.The results show that fire-fighting protective clothing significantly increases the core temperature by 0.5℃and the average skin temperature by 0.93℃,and the heart rate,with sweat output reaching 2.15 times that of the basic group;and that there was no statistically significant difference in heat storage,but the peak PSI value was significantly higher than that of the basic group,and it did not return to the initial level even after 30-minute of recovery period.It is concluded that fire-fighting protective clothing significantly exacerbates thermal physiological load and increases the risk of heat-related illnesses by impeding heat dissipation and increasing metabolic heat production.It is recommended to introduce auxiliary cooling measures such as liquid cooling during rescue operations and to reasonably limit continuous operation time to ensure the safety of firefighters.
作者
黄一鸣
谢岩磊
张逸文
杨杰
HUANG Yiming;XIE Yanlei;ZHANG Yiwen;YANG Jie(School of Energy and Building Environment,Guilin University of Aerospace Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541004,China;College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710054,China)
出处
《安全》
2026年第1期89-94,共6页
Safety & Security
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51904228)
“十四五”国家重点研发子课题(2022YFC300610502)。
关键词
个体防护
高温环境
灭火防护服
消防员
热生理负荷
personal protection
high-temperature environment
firefighting protective clothing
firefighter
thermal physiological load
