摘要
为提升高温作业人员个性化热防护效果、明确不同体型人群差异化防护策略,探究不同身体质量指数(BMI)人群在高温环境中的生理与主观热反应,揭示其热暴露过程中的差异性调节能力。首先,通过人工气候室设置中性((25.1±0.4)℃,(52.8%±1.9%)相对湿度(RH),0.1 m/s)与高温((35.0±0.5)℃,(50.0%±2.9%)RH,0.1 m/s)2个工况,选取20名男性被试,将其分为偏胖组(BMI≥24 kg/m^(2))与偏瘦组(BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2));其次,被试先在中性环境静坐10 min,随后进入高温环境交替进行运动与休息,同步记录生理参数与主观评价指标;最后,通过分析这2组被试主客观指标的差异,评估BMI对热反应的调节机制和影响程度。结果表明:偏瘦组与偏胖组核心温度分别升高0.46、0.55℃,存在显著的统计学差异(p<0.001);偏胖组与偏瘦组平均皮肤温度各升高4.2、2.9℃,表明偏胖组对高温更敏感;偏胖组出汗总量和心率均显著高于偏瘦组,但心率不存在显著性差异;BMI差异导致主观评价参数存在统计学差异(p<0.05),不仅影响热反应强度,还会导致调节机制的模式差异,高温防护应依据体型特征制定差异化策略。
To enhance the personalized thermal protection effectiveness for workers exposed to hot environments and clarify the individualized protection strategies with different body types,this study investigated the physiological and perceptual responses with different BMI in hot environments to explore individual thermoregulation capacity during heat exposure.First,two hot environments were set in a climate chamber,including neutral((25.1±0.4)℃,(52.8%±1.9%)Relative Humidity(RH),0.1 m/s)and high temperature((35.0±0.5)℃,(50.0%±2.9%)RH,0.1 m/s).Twenty male participants were recruited and divided into two groups:overweight(BMI≥24)and underweight(BMI<18.5).Second,participants were initially seated in neutral environment for 10 minutes,then performed alternating cycles of exercise and recovery in the hot environment.Physiological and perceptual responses parameters were recorded during the human trials.Finally,the regulatory mechanism of BMI on thermal responses and the extent of its impact were evaluated by analyzing the differences in subjective and objective indicators between the two groups of subjects.The results indicated that the two groups significantly(p<0.001)differed in core temperature,with the increase of 0.55℃for the overweight group and 0.46℃for the underweight group.The mean skin temperature of overweight and underweight participants increased by 4.2 and 2.9℃,respectively,indicating that overweight individuals were more sensitive to high temperatures.The total sweat rate and heart rate of overweight participants were significantly higher than those of underweight participants,while no significant difference was observed for heart rate between the two groups.Differences in BMI led to statistically significant differences in perceptual responses parameters(p<0.05),not only affecting the intensity of thermal responses but also inducing differences in the patterns of regulatory mechanisms.Therefore,individualized thermal protection strategies should be formulated based on body type characteristics.
作者
杨杰
马瑞甜
王兴明
YANG Jie;MA Ruitian;WANG Xingming(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China;College of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Xuzhou),Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第10期239-246,共8页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发子课题项目(2022YFC300610502)。
