摘要
为了获得片层结构的1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7),以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为结晶诱导剂,通过溶剂-非溶剂法制备了FOX-7纳米片;采用SEM、XRD、DSC对所制备样品的形貌、结构与热性能进行了表征,并对其机械感度进行了测试分析。结果表明,在不同含量的PVP的诱导下,FOX-7分子结晶向层状堆积方向生长,重结晶成不同横向尺寸和厚度的片状晶体;当PVP的质量分数为1.5%时,所制备的FOX-7片状晶体的横向尺寸最大;当PVP的质量分数为3%时,所制备的FOX-7片状晶体的厚度在200~300 nm之间。PVP对FOX-7的吸附作用及两者之间氢键的形成对FOX-7纳米片的形成具有重要影响;所制备的FOX-7纳米片的表观分解放热焓随PVP含量的增加而逐渐提高,同时其热分解温度范围相比原料变窄,放热效率提高;与原料相比,所制备的片层FOX-7的摩擦感度有较大幅度下降,FOX-7片状晶体的滑移降感效果较明显;当PVP质量分数为1.5%时,所制备的FOX-7片层颗粒较完美,摩擦感度最低,为288 N。
In order to obtain a layered structure of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene(FOX-7),the FOX-7 nanosheets were prepared by using polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as crystallization inducer via a solvent-nonsolvent method.The morphology,crystal structure,and thermal properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),and the mechanical sensitivities were also tested.Results show that under the induction of PVP with different mass fractions,the crystallization of FOX-7 molecule grows towards layered stacking direction and recrystallizes into sheet-like crystals with different lateral sizes and thicknesses.When the mass fraction of PVP is 1.5%,the prepared crystals exhibit the largest lateral size.When the mass fraction of PVP is 3%,the thickness of crystals is between 200—300 nm.The adsorption of PVP on FOX-7 crystals and the formation of hydrogen bonds between FOX-7 and PVP have a significant impact on the formation of FOX-7 nanosheets.The apparent decomposition enthalpy of the FOX-7 nanosheets gradually increases with the increasing of PVP content,and its thermal decomposition temperature range is narrower than that of the raw material,resulting in improved heat release efficiency.Compared with the raw material,the friction sensitivity of the prepared FOX-7 nanosheets significantly decreases,the desensitivity from slip effect of sheet-like FOX-7 crystals is obvious.When the mass fraction of PVP is 1.5%,the layered FOX-7 particles are perfect,with the lowest friction sensitivity of 288 N.
作者
林佳
罗庆平
尹婷
曹志鸿
伍波
段晓惠
LIN Jia;LUO Qing-ping;YIN Ting;CAO Zhi-hong;WU Bo;DUAN Xiao-hui(State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期38-44,I0002,共8页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.22075230)。
关键词
物理化学
PVP
FOX-7
诱导结晶
纳米片
感度
表面活性剂
physical chemistry
PVP
FOX-7
induced crystallization
nanosheets
sensitivity
surface active agent
