摘要
为了高效制备富氮唑类高能低感含能化合物2-甲基-4,5-二硝基-1,2,3-三唑(MDNTz),以1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)为起始原料,通过环化和硝化反应获得MDNTz,将原来长达13步的合成路线从已知可得的FOX-7出发缩短到2步,大大增加了MDNTz的实际应用价值;利用核磁共振波谱、红外光谱、元素分析、X射线单晶衍射对其结构进行表征,采用差示扫描量热法及BAM法测试其热稳定性和机械感度;运用EXPLO5软件计算得到MDNTz的爆轰性能。结果表明,MDNTz熔点为77℃,热分解温度为318℃,密度为1.686 g/cm^(3),爆速为8095 m/s,爆压为27.1 GPa,撞击感度为35 J,摩擦感度为360 N。通过与其同分异构体1-甲基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(MDNT)以及传统熔铸载体炸药TNT理化性质的比较表明,MDNTz综合性能良好,具有作为新型高能低感熔铸载体炸药的潜力。
To efficiently synthesize the high-energy and low-sensitivity nitrogen-rich azole energetic compound 2-methyl-4,5-dinitro-1,2,3-triazole(MDNTz),using 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene(FOX-7)as the starting material,MDNTz was obtained through cyclization and nitration reaction.The original 13-step synthetic route was shortened to 2 steps starting from FOX-7,significantly enhancing the practical applicability of MDNTz.Its structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,and single crystal X-ray diffraction.The thermal stability and mechanical sensitivity were tested by differential scanning calorimetry and BAM method.The detonation properties were calculated by using EXPLO5 software.Results show that the melting point of MDNTz is 77℃,the thermal decomposition temperature is 318℃,the density is 1.686 g/cm^(3),the detonation velocity is 8095 m/s,the detonation pressure is 27.1 GPa,the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity are 35 J and 360 N,respectively.By comparing the physicochemical properties of MDNTz with its isomer 1-methyl-3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazole(MDNT)and the traditional melt-cast carriers explosive TNT,MDNTz exhibits excellent comprehensive performance and has the potential to be used as a new type of high-energy and low-sensitivity melt-cast carriers explosive.
作者
李碧波
杨文理
冯尚彪
张树海
LI Bi-bo;YANG Wen-li;FENG Shang-biao;ZHANG Shu-hai(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co.,Ltd,Luzhou Sichuan 646606,China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期866-876,I0004,共12页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
基金
山西省基础研究项目(No.202403021221112,No.202403021222133)。
